Title: Deicer Salt Scaling Deterioration--An Overview

Author(s): J. Marchand E. J., Sellevold, and M. Pigeon

Publication: Symposium Paper

Volume: 145

Issue:

Appears on pages(s): 1-46

Keywords: chlorides; concretes; curing; deicers; deterioration; porosity; freeze-thaw durability; popouts; salts; scaling; tests; Materials Research

DOI: 10.14359/4539

Date: 5/1/1994

Abstract:
An overview of the scientific and technical literature published on the subject is presented. The first part of this report is devoted to the fundamentals of frost action in concrete. The mechanisms of freezing and hypotheses explaining the detrimental effects of deicing salts are discussed. Special attention is paid to the influence of the concrete curing temperature and moisture history on its frost durability. A critical appraisal of three different test procedures designed to assess the deicer salt scaling resistance of concrete is given in the second section. Each test method is evaluated on the basis of reproducibility, variability of test results, operating cost, and relationship to field exposure conditions. Finally, the influence of various parameters on the deicer salt scaling resistance of concrete is discussed. Topics such as mix composition, air entrainment, casting operations, curing, and use of concrete sealers are reviewed.