Title: Design Guidelines for Masonry Structures: Out of Plane Loads

Author(s): N. Galati, E. Garbin, G. Tumialan, and A. Nanni

Publication: Symposium Paper

Volume: 230

Issue:

Appears on pages(s): 269-288

Keywords: bar shapes; design; epoxy- or cementitious-based paste;FRP grids; FRP laminates; masonry; NSM FRP bars; out-of-plane;polyurea

DOI: 10.14359/14837

Date: 10/1/2005

Abstract:
Unreinforced masonry (URM) walls are prone to failure when subjected toout-of-plane loads caused by seismic loads or high wind pressure. Fiber ReinforcedPolymers (FRP) in the form of laminates or grids adhesively bonded to the masonrysurface with epoxy or polyurea based resins; or FRP bars used as Near SurfaceMounted (NSM) reinforcement bonded to the masonry using epoxy or latex modifiedcementitious pastes, have been successfully used to increase flexural and/or shearcapacity of URM walls. However, the practical application of FRPs to strengthenmasonry structures is only limited to few research projects due to the limited presenceof specific design guidelines. This paper describes provisional design guidelines for theFRP strengthening of masonry walls subject to out of plane loads. The proposed designmethodology offers a first rational attempt for consideration by engineers interested inout-of-plane upgrade of masonry walls with externally bonded FRP systems.