Title: Underwater Concrete Part 1: Design Concepts and Practices

Author(s): Sam X. Yao, and Ben C. Gerwick, Jr.

Publication: Concrete International

Volume: 26

Issue: 1

Appears on pages(s): 79-83

Keywords: Tremie; cofferdams; underwater; bell pier; bridge foundation; reef restoration.

DOI:

Date: 1/1/2004

Abstract:
In the last several decades, technical advances have opened up a variety of new applications for underwater concrete as a structural material. The experience gained from these projects has laid the foundation for current industry practices and portended further advancements. To give a perspective of state-of-the-art technologies, Part 1 of this three-part article describes a number of advanced design concepts and practices in which innovative uses of underwater concrete have yielded significant benefits in cost saving and risk reduction.