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Home > Publications > International Concrete Abstracts Portal
The International Concrete Abstracts Portal is an ACI led collaboration with leading technical organizations from within the international concrete industry and offers the most comprehensive collection of published concrete abstracts.
Showing 1-5 of 11 Abstracts search results
Document:
SP-349_06
Date:
April 22, 2021
Author(s):
Damien Gaudrel, Annabelle Phelipot-Mardelé, Christophe Lanos and Marie Glorennec
Publication:
Symposium Papers
Volume:
349
Abstract:
Nowadays, recycling and recovery of construction waste are major environmental issues. Gypsum, which is widely used in construction industry, generates around 400 000 tons of waste per year in France. Thermal activation of gypsum is well known and controlled, especially for the implementation of plaster or anhydrite. This study focuses on the recovery by flash calcination of a recycled gypsum from a gypsum recycling factory, using a flash furnace prototype allowing adjustment of multiple calcination parameters. In order to compare the thermal activation behaviour of recycled gypsum, a “noble” gypsum, derived from a hydrated industrial gypsum plaster is also used. Different calcination temperatures allow to obtain multiphase products with different degrees of reactivity. The raw gypsums (recycled and noble) as well as calcined materials are characterized by XRD, TGA, and Helium pycnometry. The hydration reactivity and setting time of calcined products and mechanical performances are also evaluated. The results highlight a similar behaviour regarding the thermal activation by flash calcination between a noble gypsum and a recycled one. They also emphasize a high reactivity of some of the calcined products. This study leads to identify the calcination conditions usable to reach the different hydrated or anhydrous calcium sulphate phases. Carefully tailored calcium sulphate binder is then accessible from recycled material.
DOI:
10.14359/51732739
SP-349_26
Maurizio Bellotto, MariaChiara Dalconi, Enrico Garbin, and Gilberto Artioli
Boron efficiently absorbs neutrons due to its large cross section. Thus, boron containing materials are an effective shield to neutrons and are commonly used as containment barriers in nuclear reactors. The most economical way to include boron into shielding structures is to prepare B-rich mortars or concretes, to be used as structural elements or as plastering. However, colemanite [Ca(B3O4(OH)3)∙(H2O)], the most abundant Bcontaining mineral, is sufficiently soluble to release enough borate ions in solution to indefinitely stop Portland cement hydration. Here we present the formulation of hydraulically active binders containing 50% of colemanite. They are based on blends of calcium aluminate cements and blastfurnace slag. The main hydration product in the absence of colemanite is strätlingite along with other AFm phases. MgO causes an increasing hydrotalcite precipitation, and fly ashes further increase strätlingite content. The presence of colemanite causes the precipitation of B-ettringite, where B(OH)4¯ ions substitute for sulphate ions. These binders set in one day and harden in 4 days. The addition of hydrated lime in the formulations brings about the additional precipitation of B-containing AFm phases, where the trigonal HBO32- ion constitutes the interlayer between positive [Ca2Al(OH)6]+ sheets. These binders set in few hours and harden in one day.
Boron efficiently absorbs neutrons due to its large cross section. Thus, boron containing materials are an effective shield to neutrons and are commonly used as containment barriers in nuclear reactors. The most economical way to include boron into shielding structures is to prepare B-rich mortars or concretes, to be used as structural elements or as plastering. However, colemanite [Ca(B3O4(OH)3)∙(H2O)], the most abundant Bcontaining mineral, is sufficiently soluble to release enough borate ions in solution to indefinitely stop Portland cement hydration.
Here we present the formulation of hydraulically active binders containing 50% of colemanite. They are based on blends of calcium aluminate cements and blastfurnace slag. The main hydration product in the absence of colemanite is strätlingite along with other AFm phases. MgO causes an increasing hydrotalcite precipitation, and fly ashes further increase strätlingite content. The presence of colemanite causes the precipitation of B-ettringite, where B(OH)4¯ ions substitute for sulphate ions. These binders set in one day and harden in 4 days. The addition of hydrated lime in the formulations brings about the additional precipitation of B-containing AFm phases, where the trigonal HBO32- ion constitutes the interlayer between positive [Ca2Al(OH)6]+ sheets. These binders set in few hours and harden in one day.
10.14359/51732759
SP326-45
August 10, 2018
Maurizio Nicolella
326
The goal of this research was to evaluate the behavior over time of mortars obtained from three different types of recycled material, and specifically aimed to obtain thermal insulation plasters. The typology of samples was identified based on experimentations conducted at the University of Madrid, with 11 different types of specimens made with cement, river sand, expanded clay (with different particle size), recycled XPS (with different particle size), and recycled ceramic remains. The good results suggested submitting the samples in the laboratory of Building Engineering of the University of Naples Federico II to the following tests: rainfall resistance, thermal shock resistance, accelerated aging resistance in climatic chamber. In the present paper, the final results, with a preliminary assessment of the suitability for use of these mortars with external coating function in determined climatic contexts, are proposed.
The goal of this research was to evaluate the behavior over time of mortars obtained from three different types of recycled material, and specifically aimed to obtain thermal insulation plasters.
The typology of samples was identified based on experimentations conducted at the University of Madrid, with 11 different types of specimens made with cement, river sand, expanded clay (with different particle size), recycled XPS (with different particle size), and recycled ceramic remains.
The good results suggested submitting the samples in the laboratory of Building Engineering of the University of Naples Federico II to the following tests: rainfall resistance, thermal shock resistance, accelerated aging resistance in climatic chamber.
In the present paper, the final results, with a preliminary assessment of the suitability for use of these mortars with external coating function in determined climatic contexts, are proposed.
10.14359/51711027
SP324_09
April 1, 2018
Stefano De Santis, Gianmarco de Felice
324
A shake table investigation was carried out on a full-scale U-shaped masonry assemblage to study the effectiveness of Steel Reinforced Grout (SRG) for the improvement of the out-of-plane seismic capacity of masonry walls. Natural accelerograms were applied with increasing scale factor up to failure. A first session of tests was performed on the unreinforced specimen, that collapsed by out-of-plane overturning. Steel tie bars were then installed to prevent overturning. In this case, severe damage developed due to bending. Finally, the wall was retrofitted with horizontal strips of Ultra High Tensile Strength Steel cords, externally bonded to the masonry with lime based mortar, and steel connectors. SRG led to a significant improvement of the seismic capacity, strongly limited damage development, and entailed small modifications of the dynamic properties of the specimen. Since the reinforcement had a thickness of less than 10mm, it is suitable for applications within the plaster layer during the maintenance work of the façades without modifying their appearance.
10.14359/51702361
SP173-34
September 1, 1997
M. Collepardi
173
When the historical buildings of the Republic of Venice were erected all the construction materials and the corresponding techniques were always carefully selected. Even at that time architects were aware of the importance of the durability of buildings in a very hostile environment such as that existing in Venice characterized by permanent humid air and capillary rise of salty water from the foundations. In particular cementitious materials were adopted in agreement with the empirical rules of the Romans’ experience and adapted for the particular Venetian environment. The present paper examines two specific cementitious materials which became very popular throughout the world: the stucco plaster and the terrazzo concrete. At the time of the Republic of Venice, chemical admixtures were not available. Therefore, masonry artisans and architects developed a special know-how to manufacture durable materials. This was based on the use of mineral admixtures and natural substances, the invention of innovative binders and the development of special application techniques. After the advent of portland cement and especially of chemical admixtures, modem stucco plaster and terrazzo concrete can be produced with different (not necessarily better) properties and at higher rates of productivity. The present paper examines the microstructural aspect, the composition, the performance, and the manufacturing process of the original and modem materials.
10.14359/6208
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