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International Concrete Abstracts Portal

The International Concrete Abstracts Portal is an ACI led collaboration with leading technical organizations from within the international concrete industry and offers the most comprehensive collection of published concrete abstracts.

Showing 1-5 of 91 Abstracts search results

Document: 

25-045

Date: 

March 1, 2026

Author(s):

Srishti Banerji, Venkatesh Kodur, and Augusto Gil

Publication:

Structural Journal

Volume:

123

Issue:

2

Abstract:

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is increasingly gaining attention for structural applications, with structural fire safety being a key design factor. It is evident from recent research that UHPC structural members are prone to fire-induced spalling and have lower fire resistance than traditional concrete members. Currently, there are no specific guidelines for the fire design of UHPC members, and extending existing fire design provisions developed for conventional concrete members may not be appropriate considering the unique challenges posed by UHPC. This paper outlines the critical factors contributing to the lower fire performance of UHPC structural members, discussing these factors in detail, using data from both numerical and experimental studies. Based on the results from parametric studies, as well as observations from published data, a set of design guidelines for mitigating spalling and enhancing fire resistance of UHPC beams is proposed.

DOI:

10.14359/51749176

Document: 

24-420

Date: 

January 1, 2026

Author(s):

Shuanghui Wen, Wei Zhao, Xiaowen Zhao, Yongning Liang, and Tao Ji

Publication:

Materials Journal

Volume:

123

Issue:

1

Abstract:

Desulfurization gypsum—alkali-activated slag-based tunnel fireproof mortar (GAM)—is a lightweight, cement-based fireproof material. A series of tests were conducted to investigate the effect of varying Na2O equivalents (2, 4, 6, and 8%) on the wind and vibration resistance of GAM, along with its bond strength, and so on. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric- derivative thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTG), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) analyses, the underlying mechanisms were elucidated. The study indicates that as the Na2O equivalent increases, the weight loss of C-(A)-S-H gel and AFt phase exhibits an initial increase followed by a decrease. The weight loss of CaSO4·2H2O crystals, the crystal-to-gel ratio, and total porosity first decrease and then increase. Therefore, the fire resistance of GAM first decreases and then increases, while the dry density, compressive strength, bond strength, and wind and vibration resistance of GAM initially increase and subsequently decrease with increasing Na2O equivalent. GAM with an Na2O equivalent of 4% demonstrates optimal wind and vibration resistance.

DOI:

10.14359/51749269

Document: 

24-030

Date: 

July 1, 2025

Author(s):

Kwanwoo Yi and Thomas H.-K. Kang

Publication:

Structural Journal

Volume:

122

Issue:

4

Abstract:

This study used finite element analysis to examine how tendon configuration affects the temperature behavior of post-tensioned concrete structures during fire exposure. The thermal behavior of various tendon configurations was modeled, showing good agreement with experimental data. Parametric studies found that unbonded single-strand tendons (S) and prestressing (pretensioned) strands (R) had lower thermal resistance than bonded post-tensioned tendons (B), unbonded post-tensioned tendons (U), and grouted extruded-strand tendons (G). The S and R specimens stayed at or below the critical temperature for one-way slabs, validating current safety codes. The B, U, and G specimens remained well below critical temperatures, indicating that a thinner concrete cover might suffice. These findings highlight the need to consider tendon configuration in structural fire-resistance evaluation and incorporate heat resistance assessment to ensure the safety and efficiency of prestressed concrete structures during fires.

DOI:

10.14359/51745642

Document: 

23-311

Date: 

September 1, 2024

Author(s):

Sathya Thukkaram and Arun Kumar Ammasi

Publication:

Materials Journal

Volume:

121

Issue:

5

Abstract:

Lightweight concrete (LWC) finds wide-ranging applications inthe construction industry due to its reduced dead load, good fireresistance, and low thermal and acoustic conductivity. Lightweightgeopolymer concrete (LWGC) is an emerging type ofconcrete that is garnering attention in the construction industryfor its sustainable and eco-friendly properties. LWGC is producedusing geopolymer binders instead of cement, thereby reducing thecarbon footprint associated with conventional concrete production.However, the absence of standard codes for geopolymer concreterestricts its widespread application. To address this limitation,an investigation focused on developing a new mixture design forLWGC by modifying the existing ACI 211.2-98 provisions has beencarried out. In this study, crucial parameters of LWGC, such asalkaline-binder ratio (A/B), molarity, silicate/hydroxide ratio, andcuring temperature, were established using machine learning techniques. As a result, a simple and efficient method for determining the mixture proportions for LWGC has been proposed.

DOI:

10.14359/51742040

Document: 

22-223

Date: 

May 1, 2023

Author(s):

Siyoung Park and Thomas H.-K. Kang

Publication:

Structural Journal

Volume:

120

Issue:

3

Abstract:

With the development and commercialization of post-tensioned (PT) concrete structures, concerns pertaining to structural safety for disasters and diverse conditions, such as fire and high temperatures, have emerged. To better understand fire-resistance performance, effects associated with cover thickness and tendon configurations for six unbonded PT concrete slabs were evaluated in regardto temperature changes, deflection, tendon tensile forces, and fire endurance/time. In addition, the factors and relationship between the extent of damage caused by concrete cracking/delamination and tendon force at post-tensioning were evaluated. Thermal resistance and deflection rates for materials such as galvanized steel duct or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) sheathing were also examined. It is the authors’ hope that the aforementioned informationidentifying parameters affecting fire-resistance performanceof PT slabs may be helpful to the practitioner when consideringtendon configurations for unbonded PT concrete structures.

DOI:

10.14359/51738512

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