Title:
The Effects of Cations on Chloride Ingress and Hydroxide Levels in Concrete
Author(s):
Neal Berke, Kyle Stanish, and Ali Inceefe
Publication:
Symposium Paper
Volume:
366
Issue:
Appears on pages(s):
88-101
Keywords:
chlorides, modeling, deicing salts, seawater, corrosion, concrete
DOI:
10.14359/51749235
Date:
10/1/2025
Abstract:
This paper demonstrates how a model that includes the chemical reactions in concrete, as well as the tortuosity of the concrete, can be used to predict the effects of cations on the ingress of chloride and changes in the hydroxide levels. Scenarios using low and high C3A cements exposed to NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 are modeled.
The predictions are compared to test data presented several years ago by Professor Hansson. The modeling provides a rapid means that can be used to assess both the salt and cement type on the corrosion susceptibility of embedded steel reinforcement in concrete.
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