Title:
Shining a New Light on the Riddle of Shear
Author(s):
Jack J. Poldon, Neil A. Hoult, and Evan C. Bentz
Publication:
Concrete International
Volume:
45
Issue:
2
Appears on pages(s):
17-25
Keywords:
strain, reinforcement, design, sensor
DOI:
10.14359/51738523
Date:
2/1/2023
Abstract:
The article examines the assumptions in the ACI 318 Code and design approaches for shear using the results from beam tests with varying shear reinforcement designs measured with emerging sensor technologies. It describes the research campaign, presents the distributed measurements with a discussion of the key insights, and offers some takeaways for designers.
Related References:
1. Belarbi, A.; Kuchma, D.A.; and Sanders, D.H., “Proposals for New One-Way Shear Equations for the 318 Building Code,” Concrete International, V. 39, No. 9, Sept. 2017, pp. 29-32.
2. Kani, G.N.J., “The Riddle of Shear Failure and its Solution,” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 61, No. 4, 1964, pp. 441-468.
3. Collins, M.P., and Mitchell, D., Prestressed Concrete Structures, Response Publications, Toronto, ON, Canada, 1991, 393 pp.
4. Kreger, S.T.; Gifford, D.K.; Froggatt, M.E.; Sang, A.K.; Duncan, R.G.; Wolfe, M.S.; and Soller, B.J., “High-Resolution Extended Distance Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensing Using Rayleigh Backscatter,” Proceedings of SPIE, K.J. Peters, ed., V. 6530, Mar. 29, 2007, 10 pp.
5. Poldon, J.J.; Hoult, N.A.; and Bentz, E.C., “Understanding Reinforcement Behavior Using Distributed Measurements of Shear Tests,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 118, No. 3, May 2021, pp. 255-266.
6. Stanier, S.A.; Blaber, J.; Take, W.A.; and White, D.J., “Improved Image-Based Deformation Measurement for Geotechnical Applications,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, V. 53, No. 5, Oct. 2016, pp. 727-739.
7. Hoult, N.A.; Dutton, M.; Hoag, A.; and Take, W.A., “Measuring Crack Movement in Reinforced Concrete Using Digital Image Correlation: Overview and Application to Shear Slip Measurements,” Proceedings of the IEEE, V. 104, No. 8, 2016, pp. 1561-1574.
8. Poldon, J.J.; Hoult, N.A.; and Bentz, E.C., “Distributed Sensing in Large Reinforced Concrete Shear Test,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 116, No. 5, Sept. 2019, pp. 235-245.
9. Sherwood, E.G., “One-Way Shear Behaviour of Large, Lightly-Reinforced Concrete Beams and Slabs,” PhD thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2006, 598 pp.
10. Poldon, J.J.; Hoult, N.A.; and Bentz, E.C., “Understanding Shear-Resistance Mechanisms in Concrete Beams Monitored with Distributed Sensors,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 119, No. 6, Nov. 2022, pp. 329-340.
11. EN 1992-1-1, “Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures - Part 1-1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings,” European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium, Dec. 2004, 227 pp.
12. Poldon, J.J.; Bentz, E.C.; and Hoult, N.A., “Assessing Beam Shear Behavior with Distributed Longitudinal Strains,” Structural Concrete, V. 23, No. 3, June 2022, pp. 1555-1571.
13. Maekawa, K.; Pimanmas, A.; and Okamura, H., Nonlinear Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2019, 721 pp.
14. Mörsch, E., “Der Eisenbetonbau: seine Theorie und Anwendung,” Konrad Wittwer, Stuttgart, Germany, 1908, 376 pp. (in German)
15. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) and Commentary (ACI 318R-19),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2019, 623 pp.
16. CSA Committee A23.3, “Design of Concrete Structures,” Canadian Standards Association, Rexdale, ON, Canada, 2019, 301 pp.
17. “AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications,” ninth edition, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, 2020, 1912 pp.