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Related References:

1. UN Environment, Scrivener, K. L.; John, V. M.; and Gartner, E. M., “Eco-Efficient Cements: Potential Economically Viable Solutions for a Low-CO2 Cement-Based Materials Industry,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 114, 2018, pp. 2-26. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.03.015

2. Miller, S. A.; John, V. M.; Pacca, S. A.; and Horvath, A., “Carbon Dioxide Reduction Potential in the Global Cement Industry By 2050,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 114, 2018, pp. 115-124. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.08.026

3. Juenger, M.; Provis, J. L.; Elsen, J.; Matthes, W.; Hooton, R. D.; Duchesne, J.; Courard, L.; He, H.; Michel, F.; Snellings, R.; and De Belie, N., “Supplementary Cementitious Materials for Concrete: Characterization Needs,” MRS Online Proceedings Library, V. 1488, 2012, pp. 8-22.

4. Juenger, M. C. G.; Winnefeld, F.; Provis, J. L.; and Ideker, J. H., “Advances in Alternative Cementitious Binders,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 41, No. 12, 2011, pp. 1232-1243. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.11.012

5. Juenger, M. C. G.; Snellings, R.; and Bernal, S. A., “Supplementary Cementitious Materials: New Sources, Characterization, and Performance Insights,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 122, 2019, pp. 257-273. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.05.008

6. Lothenbach, B.; Scrivener, K.; and Hooton, R. D., “Supplementary Cementitious Materials,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 41, No. 12, 2011, pp. 1244-1256. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.12.001

7. Tennis, P. D.; Thomas, M. D. A.; and Weiss, W. J., “State-of-the-Art Report on Use of Limestone in Cements at Levels of Up to 15%,” PCA R&D SN3148, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, 2011, 78 pp.

8. Bharadwaj, K.; Isgor, O. B.; Weiss, J. W.; Chopperla, K. S. T.; Choudhary, A.; Vasudevan, G. D.; Glosser, D.; Ideker, J. H.; and Trejo, D., “A New Mixture Proportioning Method for Performance-Based Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 119, No. 2, Mar. 2022, pp. 207-220.

9. Mehta, P. K., and Monteiro, P. J. M., Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials, McGraw Hill, New York, 2006, 684 pp.

10. Mindess, S.; Young, J. F.; and Darwin, D., Concrete, second edition, Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2003, 657 pp.

11. de Larrard, F., Concrete Mixture Proportioning: A Scientific Approach, CRC Press, New York, 1999, 448 pp.

12. ACI Committee 211, “Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete (ACI 211.1-91) (Reapproved 2009),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1991, 38 pp.

13. Thomas, M., “Optimizing the Use of Fly Ash in Concrete,” Publication IS548, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, 2007, 24 pp.

14. Thomas M., Supplementary Cementing Materials in Concrete, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2013, 210 pp.

15. Zajac, M.; Skocek, J.; Adu-Amankwah, S.; Black, L.; and Haha, M. B., “Impact of Microstructure on the Performance of Composite Cements: Why Higher Total Porosity Can Result in Higher Strength,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 90, 2018, pp. 178-192. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.03.023

16. Bharadwaj, K.; Chopperla, K. S. T.; Choudhary, A.; Glosser, D.; Ghantous, R. M.; Vasudevan, G. D.; Ideker, J. H.; Isgor, O. B.; Trejo, D.; and Weiss, W. J., “CALTRANS: Impact of the Use of Portland-Limestone Cement on Concrete Performance as Plain or Reinforced Material - Final Report,” Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 2021, 320 pp., https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/7h149x67f. (last accessed Feb. 16, 2023)

17. Bharadwaj, K.; Glosser, D.; Moradllo, M. K.; Isgor, O. B.; and Weiss, W. J., “Toward the Prediction of Pore Volumes and Freeze-Thaw Performance of Concrete Using Thermodynamic Modelling,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 124, 2019, Article No. 105820. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105820

18. Lam, L.; Wong, Y.; and Poon, C. S., “Degree of Hydration and Gel/Space Ratio of High-Volume Fly Ash/Cement Systems,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 30, No. 5, 2000, pp. 747-756. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00213-1

19. American Coal Ash Association, “Ash at Work: Applications, Science, and Sustainability of Coal Ash,” Farmington Hills, MI, 2020, 199 pp.

20. Isgor, O. B.; Ideker, J.; Trejo, D.; Weiss, J. W.; Bharadwaj, K.; Choudhary, A.; Teja, C. K. S.; Glosser, D.; and Vasudevan, G., “Development of a Performance-Based Mixture Proportioning Procedure for Concrete Incorporating Off-Spec Fly Ash,” Report No. 000000003002018795, Energy Power Research Institute (EPRI), Palo Alto, CA, 2020, 78 pp.

21. Bahurudeen, A.; Kanraj, D.; Dev, V. G.; and Santhanam, M., “Performance Evaluation of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash Blended Cement in Concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 59, 2015, pp. 77-88. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.03.004

22. Bahurudeen, A.; Marckson, A. V.; Kishore, A.; and Santhanam, M., “Development of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash Based Portland Pozzolana Cement and Evaluation of Compatibility With Superplasticizers,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 68, 2014, pp. 465-475. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.013

23. Bahurudeen, A., and Santhanam, M., “Influence of Different Processing Methods on the Pozzolanic Performance of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 56, 2015, pp. 32-45. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.11.002

24. Clavier, K. A.; Paris, J. M.; Ferraro, C. C.; and Townsend, T. G., “Opportunities and Challenges Associated With Using Municipal Waste Incineration Ash as a Raw Ingredient in Cement Production–A Review,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, V. 160, 2020, Article No. 104888. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104888

25. Hogan, F. J., and Meusel, J. W., “Evaluation for Durability and Strength Development of a Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag,” Cement, Concrete and Aggregates, V. 3, No. 1, 1981, pp. 40-52. doi: 10.1520/CCA10201J

26. Seraj, S.; Cano, R.; Ferron, R. D.; and Juenger, M. C. G., “The Role of Particle Size on the Performance of Pumice as a Supplementary Cementitious Material,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 80, 2017, pp. 135-142. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.03.009

27. Diaz-Loya, I.; Juenger, M.; Seraj, S.; and Minkara, R., “Extending Supplementary Cementitious Material Resources: Reclaimed and Remediated Fly Ash and Natural Pozzolans,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 101, 2019, pp. 44-51. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.06.011

28. Kalina, R. D.; Al-Shmaisani, S.; Ferron, R. D.; and Juenger, M. C. G., “False Positives in ASTM C618 Specifications for Natural Pozzolans,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 116, No. 1, Jan. 2019, pp. 165-172. doi: 10.14359/51712243

29. Seraj, S., “Evaluating Natural Pozzolans for Use as Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Concrete,” PhD thesis, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 2014, 176 pp.

30. Kulik, D. A.; Miron, G. D.; and Lothenbach, B., “A Structurally-Consistent CASH+ Sublattice Solid Solution Model For Fully Hydrated C-S-H Phases: Thermodynamic Basis, Methods, and Ca-Si-H2O Core Sub-Model,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 151, 2022, Article No. 106585. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106585

31. Lothenbach, B., and Gruskovnjak, A., “Hydration of Alkali-Activated Slag: Thermodynamic Modelling,” Advances in Cement Research, V. 19, No. 2, 2007, pp. 81-92. doi: 10.1680/adcr.2007.19.2.81

32. Lothenbach, B.; Kulik, D. A.; Matschei, T.; Balonis, M.; Baquerizo, L.; Dilnesa, B.; Miron, G. D.; and Myers, R. J., “Cemdata18: A Chemical Thermodynamic Database for Hydrated Portland Cements and Alkali-Activated Materials,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 115, 2019, pp. 472-506. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.04.018

33. Lothenbach, B.; Matschei, T.; Möschner, G.; and Glasser, F. P., “Thermodynamic Modelling of the Effect of Temperature on the Hydration and Porosity of Portland Cement,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 38, No. 1, 2008, pp. 1-18. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.08.017

34. Lothenbach, B., and Winnefeld, F., “Thermodynamic Modelling of the Hydration of Portland Cement,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 36, No. 2, 2006, pp. 209-226. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2005.03.001

35. Lothenbach, B., and Zajac, M., “Application of Thermodynamic Modelling to Hydrated Cements,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 123, 2019, Article No. 105779.

36. Myers, R. J.; Bernal, S. A.; and Provis, J. L., “A Thermodynamic Model for C-(N-)A-S-H Gel: CNASH_ss. Derivation and Validation,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 66, 2014, pp. 27-47. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2014.07.005

37. Myers, R. J.; Lothenbach, B.; Bernal, S. A.; and Provis, J. L., “Thermodynamic Modelling of Alkali-Activated Slag Cements,” Applied Geochemistry, V. 61, 2015, pp. 233-247. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.06.006

38. Azad, V. J.; Suraneni, P.; Isgor, O.; and Weiss, W. J., “Interpreting the Pore Structure of Hydrating Cement Phases Through a Synergistic Use of the Powers-Brownyard Model, Hydration Kinetics, and Thermodynamic Calculations,” Advances in Civil Engineering Materials, V. 6, No. 1, 2017, pp. 1-16.

39. Glosser, D.; Azad, V. J.; Suraneni, P.; Isgor, O. B.; and Weiss, W. J., “An Extension of the Powers-Brownyard Model to Pastes Containing Supplementary Cementitious Materials,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 116, No. 5, Sept. 2019, pp. 205-216. doi: 10.14359/51714466

40. Bharadwaj, K.; Ghantous, R. M.; Sahan, F.; Isgor, O. B.; and Weiss, W. J., “Predicting Pore Volume, Compressive Strength, Pore Connectivity, and Formation Factor in Cementitious Pastes Containing Fly Ash,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 122, 2021, Article No. 104113. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104113

41. Bharadwaj, K.; Ghantous, R. M.; Sahan, F. N.; Isgor, O. B.; and Weiss, W. J., “Toward the Prediction of Pore Volumes and Compressive Strength of Concrete Using Thermodynamic Modelling,” 6th International Conference on Construction Materials, Fukuoka, Japan, 2020.

42. Bharadwaj, K.; Isgor, O. B.; and Weiss, W. J., “Interpretation of the Results of the Pozzolanic Reactivity Test for Supplementary Cementitious Materials: Insights From Thermodynamic Modeling,” Cement and Concrete Composites, 2022. (in review)

43. Bharadwaj, K.; Isgor, O. B.; and Weiss, W. J., “A Simplified Approach to Determine the Pozzolanic Reactivity of Commercial Supplementary Cementitious Materials,” Concrete International, V. 44, No. 1, Jan. 2022, pp. 27-32.

44. Suraneni, P., and Weiss, J., “Examining the Pozzolanicity of Supplementary Cementitious Materials Using Isothermal Calorimetry and Thermogravimetric Analysis,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 83, 2017, pp. 273-278. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.07.009

45. Isgor, O. B., and Weiss, W. J., “A Nearly Self-Sufficient Framework for Modelling Reactive-Transport Processes in Concrete,” Materials and Structures, V. 52, No. 6, 2019, Article No. 130. doi: 10.1617/s11527-019-1422-1

46. Powers, T. C., “Structure and Physical Properties of Hardened Portland Cement Paste,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, V. 41, No. 1, 1958, pp. 1-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1958.tb13494.x

47. Pichler, B., and Hellmich, C., “Upscaling Quasi-Brittle Strength of Cement Paste and Mortar: A Multi-Scale Engineering Mechanics Model,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 41, No. 5, 2011, pp. 467-476. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.01.010

48. Pichler, B.; Hellmich, C.; and Eberhardsteiner, J., “Spherical and Acicular Representation of Hydrates in a Micromechanical Model for Cement Paste: Prediction of Early-Age Elasticity and Strength,” Acta Mechanica, V. 203, No. 3-4, 2009, pp. 137-162. doi: 10.1007/s00707-008-0007-9

49. Pichler, B.; Hellmich, C.; Eberhardsteiner, J.; Wasserbauer, J.; Termkhajornkit, P.; Barbarulo, R.; and Chanvillard, G., “The Counteracting Effects of Capillary Porosity and of Unhydrated Clinker Grains on the Macroscopic Strength of Hydrating Cement Paste–A Multiscale Model,” Mechanics and Physics of Creep, Shrinkage, and Durability of Concrete: A Tribute to Zdeněk P. Bažant, U. Franz-Josef, J. M. Hamlin, and R. J.-M. Pellenq, eds., 2013, pp. 40-47.

50. Pichler, B.; Hellmich, C.; Eberhardsteiner, J.; Wasserbauer, J.; Termkhajornkit, P.; Barbarulo, R.; and Chanvillard, G., “Effect of Gel-Space Ratio and Microstructure on Strength of Hydrating Cementitious Materials: An Engineering Micromechanics Approach,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 45, 2013, pp. 55-68. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.10.019

51. Termkhajornkit, P.; Vu, Q. H.; Barbarulo, R.; Daronnat, S.; and Chanvillard, G., “Dependence of Compressive Strength on Phase Assemblage in Cement Pastes: Beyond Gel–Space Ratio—Experimental Evidence and Micromechanical Modeling,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 56, 2014, pp. 1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.10.007

52. Princigallo, A.; Lura, P.; van Breugel, K.; and Levita, G., “Early Development of Properties in a Cement Paste: A Numerical and Experimental Study,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 33, No. 7, 2003, pp. 1013-1020. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00002-4

53. Carpinteri, A., and Accornero, F., “Rotation Versus Curvature Fractal Scaling in Bending Failure,” Physical Mesomechanics, V. 22, No. 1, 2019, pp. 46-51.

54. Esmaeeli, H. S.; Shishehbor, M.; Weiss, W. J.; and Zavattieri, P. D., “A Two-Step Multiscale Model to Predict Early Age Strength Development of Cementitious Composites Considering Competing Fracture Mechanisms,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 208, 2019, pp. 577-600.

55. Bažant, Z. P., and Planas, J., Fracture and Size Effect in Concrete and Other Quasibrittle Materials, Taylor & Francis, New York, 2019, 640 pp.

56. Lilliu, G., and van Mier, J. G. M., “3D Lattice Type Fracture Model for Concrete,” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, V. 70, No. 7-8, 2003, pp. 927-941. doi: 10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00158-3

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59. Lothenbach, B.; Le Saout, G.; Gallucci, E.; and Scrivener, K., “Influence of Limestone on the Hydration of Portland Cements,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 38, No. 6, 2008, pp. 848-860. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2008.01.002

60. Lothenbach, B.; Winnefeld, F.; Alder, C.; Wieland, E.; and Lunk, P., “Effect of Temperature on the Pore Solution, Microstructure and Hydration Products of Portland Cement Pastes,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 37, No. 4, 2007, pp. 483-491. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2006.11.016

61. Jelitto, H., and Schneider, G. A., “A Geometric Model for the Fracture Toughness of Porous Materials,” Acta Materialia, V. 151, 2018, pp. 443-453. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2018.03.018

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63. Kulik, D. A.; Wagner, T.; Dmytrieva, S. V.; Kosakowski, G.; Hingerl, F. F.; Chudnenko, K. V.; and Berner, U. R., “GEM-Selektor Geochemical Modeling Package: Revised Algorithm and GEMS3K Numerical Kernel for Coupled Simulation Codes,” Computational Geosciences, V. 17, No. 1, 2013, pp. 1-24.

64. Deschner, F.; Lothenbach, B.; Winnefeld, F.; and Neubauer, J., “Effect of Temperature on the Hydration of Portland Cement Blended With Siliceous Fly Ash,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 52, 2013, pp. 169-181. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.07.006

65. Kulik, D. A., “Improving the Structural Consistency of C-S-H Solid Solution Thermodynamic Models,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 41, No. 5, 2011, pp. 477-495. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.01.012

66. Glosser, D.; Suraneni, P.; Isgor, O. B.; and Weiss, W. J., “Estimating Reaction Kinetics of Cementitious Pastes Containing Fly Ash,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 112, 2020, Article No. 103655. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103655

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94. Qudoos, A.; Atta-ur-Rehman; Kim, H. G.; and Ryou, J.-S., “Influence of the Surface Roughness of Crushed Natural Aggregates on the Microhardness of the Interfacial Transition Zone of Concrete With Mineral Admixtures and Polymer Latex,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 168, 2018, pp. 946-957. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.205

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