A Procedure to Evaluate the Potential for Drying Shrinkage Cracking of Concrete Under Restraint

International Concrete Abstracts Portal

The International Concrete Abstracts Portal is an ACI led collaboration with leading technical organizations from within the international concrete industry and offers the most comprehensive collection of published concrete abstracts.

  


Title: A Procedure to Evaluate the Potential for Drying Shrinkage Cracking of Concrete Under Restraint

Author(s): Emmanuel K. Attiogbe

Publication: Concrete International

Volume: 44

Issue: 8

Appears on pages(s): 29-33

Keywords: strength, stress, creep, durability

DOI: 10.14359/51737126

Date: 8/1/2022

Abstract:
Restrained shrinkage cracking caused by differential drying is a major factor in determining the long-term durability of concrete. The article provides a procedure to evaluate the potential for restrained shrinkage cracking as a basis for prequalification of concrete mixtures. The procedure involves simple calculations and using concrete properties obtained from standard tests.

Related References:

1. Lindquist, W.D.; Darwin, D.; Browning, J.; and Miller, G.G., “Effect of Cracking on Chloride Content in Concrete Bridge Decks,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 103, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2006, pp. 467-473.

2. Attiogbe, E.K.; See, H.T.; and Miltenberger, M.A., “Tensile Creep in Restrained Shrinkage,” Proceedings of the 6th International Conference, Creep, Shrinkage and Durability Mechanics of Concrete and Other Quasi-Brittle Materials, F.J. Ulm, Z.P. Bazant, and F.H. Wittman, eds., Elsevier, 2001, pp. 651-656.

3. See, H.T.; Attiogbe, E.K.; and Miltenberger, M.A., “Shrinkage Cracking Characteristics of Concrete Using Ring Specimens,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 100, No. 3, May-June 2003, pp. 239-245.

4. See, H.T.; Attiogbe, E.K.; and Miltenberger, M.A., “Potential for Restrained Shrinkage Cracking of Concrete and Mortar,” Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates, V. 26, No. 2, Dec. 2004, pp. 123-130.

5. Altoubat, S.A., and Lange, D.A., “Creep, Shrinkage, and Cracking of Restrained Concrete at Early Age,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 98, No. 4, July-Aug. 2001, pp. 323-331.

6. Attiogbe, E.K.; Weiss, W.J.; and See, H.T., “A Look at the Rate of Stress Versus Time of Cracking Relationship Observed in the Restrained Ring Test,” Advances in Concrete Through Science and Engineering, Mar. 22-24, 2004, 14 pp.

7. Darwin, D.; Khajehdehi, R.; Feng, M.; Lafikes, J.; Ibrahim, E.; and O’Reilly, M., “Low-Cracking High-Performance Concrete (LC-HPC) for Durable Bridge Decks,” SP-336, Cracking and Durability in Sustainable Concretes, R. Leistikow and K. Waggle Kramer, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2019, pp. 101-116.

8. ACI Committee 231, “Report on Early-Age Cracking: Causes, Measurements, and Mitigation (ACI 231R-10),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2010, 46 pp.

9. Reggia, A.; Macobatti, F.; Minelli, F.; and Plizzari, G.A., “A New Restrained Shrinkage Test for HPC Repair Materials,” 4th International Conference on Concrete Repair, Rehabilitation and Retrofitting, Leipzig, Germany, Oct. 2015, 8 pp.

10. Swamy, R.N., and Stavrides, H., “Influence of Fiber Reinforcement on Restrained Shrinkage and Cracking,” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 76, No. 3, Mar. 1979, pp. 443-460.

11. Grzybowski, M, and Shah, S.P., “Shrinkage Cracking of Fiber Reinforced Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 87, No. 2, Mar.-Apr. 1990, pp. 138-148.

12. ACI Committee 209, “Prediction of Creep, Shrinkage, and Temperature Effects in Concrete Structures (ACI 209R-92) (Reapproved 1997),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1992, 47 pp.

13. Narrow, I., and Ullberg, E., “Correlation Between Tensile Splitting Strength and Flexural Strength of Concrete,” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 60, No. 1, Jan. 1963, pp. 27-38.

14. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2014, 520 pp.

15. D’Ambrosia, M.D.; Altoubat, S.; Park, C.; and Lange, D.A., “Early-Age Tensile Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete with Shrinkage Reducing Admixtures,” Proceedings of the 6th International Conference, Creep, Shrinkage and Durability Mechanics of Concrete and Other Quasi-Brittle Materials, F.J. Ulm, Z.P. Bažant, F.H. Wittman, eds., Elsevier, 2001, pp. 645-651.

16. Hossain, A.B.; Pease, B.; and Weiss, W.J., “Quantifying Early-Age Stress Development and Cracking in Low w/c Concrete Using the Restrained Ring Test with Acoustic Emission,” Transportation Research Record, V. 1834, No. 1, Jan. 2003, pp. 24-32.

17. ACI Committee 207, “Report on Thermal and Volume Change Effects on Cracking of Mass Concrete (ACI 207.2R-07),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2007, 28 pp.

18. Al-Gburi, M.; Jonasson, J.E.; Nilsson, M.; Hedlund, H.; and Hosthagen, A., “Simplified Methods for Crack Risk Analyses of Early Age Concrete, Part 1: Development of Equivalent Restraint Method,” Nordic Concrete Research, Publication No. 46, Dec. 2012, pp. 17-38.

19. Al-Gburi, M.; Jonasson, J.E.; Youssif, S.T.; and Nilsson, M., “Simplified Methods for Crack Risk Analyses of Early Age Concrete, Part 2: Restraint Factors for Typical Case Wall-on-Slab,” Nordic Concrete Research, Publication No. 46, Dec. 2012, pp. 39-56.

20. Bažant, Z.P., “Prediction of Concrete Creep Effects Using Age-Adjusted Effective Modulus Method,” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 69, No. 4, Apr. 1972, pp. 212-217.

21. Miltenberger, M.A., and Attiogbe, E.K., “Shrinkage-Based Analysis for Control-Joint Spacing in Slabs-on-Ground,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 99, No. 3, May-June 2002, pp. 352-359.




  

Edit Module Settings to define Page Content Reviewer