Title:
Thixotropic and Chemical Structural Build-up of Cement Pastes with Superplasticizer under Different Storage Conditions
Author(s):
Kun Zhang, Alexander Mezhov, Wolfram Schmidt
Publication:
Symposium Paper
Volume:
354
Issue:
Appears on pages(s):
13-24
Keywords:
thixotropy, superplasticizer, structural build-up, texture analyzer, penetration test
DOI:
10.14359/51736058
Date:
7/1/2022
Abstract:
The paper presents the results of a study on the influence of agitation on the structural build-up of fresh cement pastes using a penetration test. It first presents results about the influence of the penetrating shape’s geometry on the influence of the cement paste specimen. Then, results are shown for the load-deflection curves depending upon time and agitation before testing. Based on the observation of the force required to penetrate the sample, conclusions on the structural build-up can be made. The observations were made over the course of time with samples that were left at rest and partly agitated before testing at different time steps. The setup allows identifying the contribution of the chemical reaction to the structural build-up process. The presence of superplasticizer obviously reduces the load that cement paste can withstand, while the loss of thixotropy is found notably lower than that of neat cement pates.
Related References:
1. Roussel, N., "Rheological requirements for printable concretes," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 112, No. 10, 2018, pp. 76-85.
2. Yuan, Q.; Zhou, D.; Li, B.; Huang, H.; Shi, C., "Effect of mineral admixtures on the structural build-up of cement paste," Construction and Building Materials, V. 160, No. 1, 2018, pp. 117-126.
3. Omran, A. F., "Formwork pressure exerted by self-consolidating concrete," Ph. D. Thesis, V. No. 2009, pp.
4. Abd El Megid, W., "Effect of rheology on surface quality and performance of SCC," Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada, V. No. 2012, pp.
5. Roussel, N., "A thixotropy model for fresh fluid concretes: Theory, validation and applications," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 36, No. 10, 2006, pp. 1797-1806.
6. Perrot, A.; Rangeard, D.; Pierre, A., Structural built-up of cement-based materials used for 3D-printing extrusion techniques. In Materials and Structures/Materiaux et Constructions, Springer Netherlands: 2016; Vol. 49, pp 1213-1220.
7. Scrivener, K. L.; Juilland, P.; Monteiro, P. J. M., Advances in understanding hydration of Portland cement. In Cement and Concrete Research, Elsevier Ltd: 2015; Vol. 78, pp 38-56.
8. Khayat, K. H.; Assaad, J. J., "Effect of w/cm and high-range water-reducing admixture on formwork pressure and thixotropy of self-consolidating concrete," ACI Materials Journal, V. 103, No. 3, 2006, pp. 186.
9. Liu, J.; Yu, C.; Shu, X.; Ran, Q.; Yang, Y., Recent advance of chemical admixtures in concrete. In Cement and Concrete Research, Pergamon: 2019; Vol. 124, p 105834.
10. Jiang, S. P.; Mutin, J. C.; Nonat, A., "Studies on mechanism and physico-chemical parameters at the origin of the cement setting .2. Physico-chemical parameters determining the coagulation process," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 26, No. 3, 1996, pp. 491-500.
11. Yuan, Q.; Zhou, D.; Khayat, K. H.; Feys, D.; Shi, C., On the measurement of evolution of structural build-up of cement paste with time by static yield stress test vs. small amplitude oscillatory shear test. In Cement and Concrete Research, 2017; Vol. 99, pp 183-189.
12. Ivanova, I.; Mechtcherine, V., "Possibilities and challenges of constant shear rate test for evaluation of structural
build-up rate of cementitious materials," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 130, No. 2020, pp.
13. Ulm, F. J.; Vandamme, M.; Bobko, C.; Alberto Ortega, J.; Tai, K.; Ortiz, C., "Statistical indentation techniques for hydrated nanocomposites: concrete, bone, and shale," Journal of the American Ceramic Society, V. 90, No. 9, 2007, pp. 2677-2692.
14. Wang, D.; Zhao, Q.; Zhang, J.; Jin, L., "Experimental research for elastic modulus of cement paste at ultraearly age based on indentation technique," Construction and Building Materials, V. 226, No. 11, 2019, pp. 51-60.
15. Davydov, D.; Jirasek, M.; Kopecký, L., "Critical aspects of nano-indentation technique in application to hardened cement paste," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 41, No. 1, 2011, pp. 20-29.
16. Pott, U.; Stephan, D., "Penetration test as a fast method to determine yield stress and structural build-up for 3D printing of cementitious materials," Cement & Concrete Composites, V. 121, No. 2021, pp.
17. Tai, A.; Bianchini, R.; Jachowicz, J., "Texture analysis of cosmetic/pharmaceutical raw materials and formulations," International journal of cosmetic science, V. 36, No. 4, 2014, pp. 291-304.
18. Oliver, W. C.; Pharr, G. M., "Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation: Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology," Journal of Materials Research, V. 19, No. 1, 2004, pp. 3-20.
19. Sleiman, H.; Perrot, A.; Amziane, S., "A new look at the measurement of cementitious paste setting by Vicat test," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 40, No. 5, 2010, pp. 681-686.
20. Sant, G.; Ferraris, C. F.; Weiss, J., "Rheological properties of cement pastes: A discussion of structure formation and mechanical property development," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 38, No. 11, 2008, pp. 1286-1296.
21. Lootens, D.; Jousset, P.; Martinie, L.; Roussel, N.; Flatt, R. J., "Yield stress during setting of cement pastes from penetration tests," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 39, No. 2009, pp. 401-408.
22. Dressler, I.; Freund, N.; Lowke, D., "The Effect of Accelerator Dosage on Fresh Concrete Properties and on Interlayer Strength in Shotcrete 3D Printing," Materials, V. 13, No. 2, 2020, pp.
23. Lootens, D.; Jousset, P.; Martinie, L.; Roussel, N.; Flatt, R. J., "Yield stress during setting of cement pastes from penetration tests," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 39, No. 5, 2009, pp. 401-408.
24. De Kretser, R. G.; Boger, D. V.; Scales, P. J., "Compressive rheology: an overview," Rheology Reviews, V. No. 2003, pp. 125-166.
25. Schmidt, W.; Gassó, B. M.; Sturm, H.; Pauli, J., "Influence of effects on nano and micro scale on the rheological performance of cement paste, mortar and concrete," Rheology of Building Materials, V. No. 2016, pp.
26. Sakai, E.; Daimon, M., "Dispersion mechanisms of alite stabilized by superplasticizers containing polyethylene oxide graft chains," Special Publication, V. 173, No. 1997, pp. 187-202.
27. Mollah, M. Y. A.; Adams, W. J.; Schennach, R.; Cocke, D. L., "A review of cement–superplasticizer interactions and their models," Advances in Cement Research, V. 12, No. 4, 2000, pp. 153-161.
28. Bullard, J. W.; Jennings, H. M.; Livingston, R. A.; Nonat, A.; Scherer, G. W.; Schweitzer, J. S.; Scrivener, K. L.; Thomas, J. J., "Mechanisms of cement hydration," Cement and Concrete Research, V. 41, No. 12, 2011, pp. 1208-1223.
29. Gutberlet, T.; Hilbig, H.; Beddoe, R. In Hydratation der Calciumsilikate, 18. Internationale Baustofftagung, ibausil, 2012; pp 1-0701-1-0708.