Title:
Blast Performance of Reinforced Concrete Column with Different Levels of Seismic Detailing
Author(s):
Sampa Akter and Tahsin Reza Hossain
Publication:
Structural Journal
Volume:
119
Issue:
4
Appears on pages(s):
19-31
Keywords:
axial load ratio; blast load; damage index seismic details; residual axial capacity
DOI:
10.14359/51734646
Date:
7/1/2022
Abstract:
Expensive mitigation measures are generally adapted for structures that are vulnerable to blast loading. But literature shows that a building with seismic design and detailing has some inherent capacity to resist blast loading. As such, a nonlinear three-dimensional finite element model is developed using finite element software ABAQUS to study the performance of a reinforced concrete
(RC) column designed and detailed with three levels of seismic detailing under blast loading as per Bangladesh National Building Code 2020, which is similar to ACI 318-08. The vulnerability of damage due to blasting is determined according to the residual capacity of the column. The nonlinear behavior of concrete is simulated in ABAQUS using the concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model. Blast pressure is applied on the front face of the column using the built-in CONWEP module. The results show that closely spaced lateral reinforcements significantly reduce the damage and blast vulnerability of the RC column under blast loading. In addition, favorable effects on the blast resistance of the RC column are found with a lower charge mass, larger size of columns, increased height of the blast, and higher axial load ratio.
Related References:
1. Li, J.; Wu, C.; and Hao, H., “An Experimental and Numerical Study of Reinforced Ultra-High Performance Concrete Slabs under Blast Loads,” Materials & Design, V. 82, 2015, pp. 64-76. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.05.045
2. Liao, Z.; Li, Z. Z.; Xue, Y. L.; Shao, L. Z.; Yang, D. P.; and Tang, D. G., “Study on Anti-Explosion Behavior of High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Beam under Blast Loading,” Strength of Materials, V. 51, No. 6, 2019, p. 926. doi: 10.1007/s11223-020-00143-4
3. Crawford, J. E., “State of the Art for Enhancing the Blast Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Columns with Fiber-Reinforced Plastic,” Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, V. 40, No. 11, 2013, pp. 1023-1033. doi: 10.1139/cjce-2012-0510
4. Roller, C.; Mayrhofer, C.; Riedel, W.; and Thoma, K., “Residual Load Capacity of Exposed and Hardened Concrete Columns under Explosion Loads,” Engineering Structures, V. 55, 2013, pp. 66-72. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.12.004
5. Elsanadedy, H. M.; Almusallam, T. H.; Abbas, H.; Al-Salloum, Y. A.; and Alsayed, S. H., “Effect of Blast Loading on CFRP-Retrofitted RC Columns – A Numerical Study,” Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures, V. 8, No. 1, 2011, pp. 55-81. doi: 10.1590/S1679-78252011000100004
6. Hayes, J. R. Jr.; Woodson, S. C.; Pekelnicky, R. G.; Poland, C. D.; Corley, W. G.; and Sozen, M., “Can Strengthening for Earthquake Improve Blast and Progressive Collapse Resistance?” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 131, No. 8, 2005, pp. 1157-1177. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1157)
7. Kyei, C., and Braimah, A., “Effects of Transverse Reinforcement Spacing on the Response of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Blast Loading,” Engineering Structures, V. 142, 2017, pp. 148-164. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.03.044
8. Bao, X., and Li, B., “Residual Strength of Blast Damaged Reinforced Concrete Columns,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, V. 37, No. 3, 2010, pp. 295-308. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2009.04.003
9. Mac Gregor, J. G., and Bartlett, F. M., Reinforced Concrete Mechanics and Design, fourth edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2005.
10. Fujikura, S., and Bruneau, M., “Experimental Investigation of Seismically Resistant Bridge Piers Under Blast Loading,” Journal of Bridge Engineering, ASCE, V. 16, No. 1, 2011, pp. 63-71. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000124
11. Hu, Z. J.; Wu, L.; Zhang, Y. F.; and Sun, L. Z., “Dynamic Responses of Concrete Piers under Close-In Blast Loading,” International Journal of Damage Mechanics, V. 25, No. 8, 2016, pp. 1235-1254. doi: 10.1177/1056789516653245
12. Pan, Y.; Ventura, C. E.; and Cheung, M. M., “Performance of Highway Bridges Subjected to Blast Loads,” Engineering Structures, V. 151, 2017, pp. 788-801. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.028
13. Yu, R.; Zhang, D.; Chen, L.; and Yan, H., “Non-Dimensional Pressure–Impulse Diagrams for Blast-Loaded Reinforced Concrete Beam Columns Referred to Different Failure Modes,” Advances in Structural Engineering, V. 21, No. 14, 2018, pp. 2114-2129. doi: 10.1177/1369433218768085
14. BNBC, 2020, “Bangladesh National Building Code,” Housing and Building Research Institute, Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2020.
15. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-08) and Commentary (ACI 318R-08),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2008, 473 pp.
16. ABAQUS, “ABAQUS Version 6.14,” 2014.
17. Bogosian, D.; Ferritto, J.; and Shi, Y., “Measuring Uncertainty and Conservatism in Simplified Blast Models,” 30th Explosives Safety Seminar, V. 26, 2002.
18. Humar, J. L., Dynamics of Structures, third edition, CRC Press, Leiden, the Netherlands, 2012.
19. Sezen, H., and Moehle, J., “Strength and Deformation Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Columns with Limited Ductility,” 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2004.
20. Lubliner, J.; Oliver, J.; Oller, S.; and Onate, E., “A Plastic-Damage Model for Concrete,” International Journal of Solids and Structures, V. 25, No. 3, 1989, pp. 299-326. doi: 10.1016/0020-7683(89)90050-4
21. Lee, J., and Fenves, G. L., “Plastic-Damage Model for Cyclic Loading of Concrete Structures,” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, V. 124, No. 8, 1998, pp. 892-900. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1998)124:8(892)
22. CEB-FIP, “Model Code 2010,” Thomas Telford, London, UK, 2010.
23. Krätzig, W. B., and Pölling, R., “An Elasto-Plastic Damage Model for Reinforced Concrete with Minimum Number of Material Parameters,” Computers & Structures, V. 82, No. 15-16, 2004, pp. 1201-1215. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.03.002
24. Vermeer, P. A., and de Borst, R., “Non-Associated Plasticity for Soils, Concrete and Rock,” Heron, V. 29, No. 3, 1984, pp. 3-64.
25. Farouk, S., “Experimental Program Conducted to Test Near-Field Blast Loading on Reinforced Concrete Columns,” master’s thesis, Civil Engineering Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 2014.
26. CSA A23.3-04, “Design of Concrete Structures,” Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 2004.
27. Shi, Y.; Hao, H.; and Li, Z. X., “Numerical Derivation of Pressure–Impulse Diagrams for Prediction of RC Column Damage to Blast Loads,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, V. 35, No. 11, 2008, pp. 1213-1227. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.09.001