Title:
Concrete Shear Box: New Instrument to Assess Stiff to Flowing Concrete Using Bingham Model
Author(s):
Girish Shamanna, Ajay Nagaraj, and Akanksha Achutha
Publication:
Materials Journal
Volume:
118
Issue:
6
Appears on pages(s):
227-240
Keywords:
Bingham model; concrete rheology; concrete shear box; modified Bingham model; rheometer; self-consolidating concrete (SCC)
DOI:
10.14359/51734148
Date:
11/1/2021
Abstract:
The characterization and control of flow properties of present concrete are most critical due to the wide choice of ingredients with different characteristics. A rheological-based scientific approach is needed to overcome the deficiencies of empirical tests. This study has clearly brought out the effective use of the concrete shear box as an additional instrument in finding the rheological properties of very stiff to flowing concrete. The procedure for finding the rheological properties is unique and shows the existence of the limiting value of slump flow in using the Bingham model at a higher flowability of self-consolidating concrete. Results are consistent and
clearly show a correlation between the slump flow and yield stress and the importance of the volume of paste and the use of multiple linear regression analysis in understanding the combined influence of ingredients. The study implies the design of self-consolidating concrete mixtures based on rheological properties for different slump flow values.
Related References:
1. Ferraris, C. F., “Measurement of the Rheological Properties of High-Performance Concrete: State of the Art Report,” Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, V. 104, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 1999, pp. 461-478.
2. de Larrard, F., Concrete Mixture Proportioning: A Scientific Approach, CRC Press, London, UK, 1999, 448 pp.
3. Girish, S., and Ajay, N., “Importance of Rheological Properties of Fresh Concrete - A Review,” Indian Concrete Journal, V. 9, No. 9, 2017, pp. 9-17.
4. Wallevik, O. H., “Rheology-A Scientific Approach to Develop Self-compacting concrete,” 3rd International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete, Reykjavik, Iceland, Aug. 2003, pp. 23-31.
5. ACI Committee 238, “Report on Measurements of Workability and Rheology of Fresh Concrete (ACI PRC-238.1-08),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2008, 70 pp.
6. Ajay, N., and Girish, S., “An Experimental Study on Finding Rheological Properties of Fresh Conventional Vibrated Concrete Mixes Using Concrete Shear Box,” AIP Conference Proceedings, V. 2204, No. 1, 2020, p. 020001. doi: 10.1063/1.5141538
7. Ferraris, C. F.; Billberg, P.; Ferron, R.; Feys, D.; Hu, J.; Kawashima, S.; Koehler, E.; Sonebi, M.; Tanesi, J.; and Tregger, N., “Role of Rheology in Achieving Successful Concrete Performance,” Concrete International, V. 39, No. 6, June 2017, pp. 43-51.
8. Huang, C.-H.; Chang, C.-S.; and Lin, S.-K.; and Yen, T., “New Active Rheometer for Flowable Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 114, No. 3, May-June 2017, pp. 429-439. doi: 10.14359/51689618
9. Koehler, E. P., “Aggregates in Self-Consolidating Concrete,” PhD thesis, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 2007, 425 pp.
10. Stefan, K., “Interaction of Cement, Admixtures and its Influence on Rheological Properties,” PhD thesis, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Weimar, Germany, 2010, 192 pp.
11. Loukili, A., ed., Self-Compacting Concrete, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2011, 288 pp.
12. de Larrard, F.; Ferraris, C. F.; and Sedran, T., “Fresh Concrete: A Herschel-Bulkley Material,” Materials and Structures, V. 31, No. 7, Aug. 1998, pp. 494-498. doi: 10.1007/BF02480474
13. Feys, D., “Interactions Between Rheological Properties and Pumping of Self-Compacting Concrete,” PhD thesis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 2009, 398 pp.
14. IS 12269:2013, “Ordinary Portland Cement, 53 Grade — Specification (First Revision),” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India, 2013, 14 pp.
15. IS 16714:2018, “Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag for Use in Cement, Mortar and Concrete – Specification,” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India, 2018, 12 pp.
16. IS 383:2016, “Coarse and Fine Aggregate for Concrete – Specification (Third Revision),” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India, 2016, 21 pp.
17. IS 9103:1999, “Concrete Admixtures – Specification (First Revision),” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India, 1999, 18 pp.
18. Girish, S.; Ranganath, R. V.; and Vengala, J., “Influence of Powder and Paste on Flow Properties of SCC,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 24, No. 12, Dec. 2010, pp. 2481-2488. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.06.008
19. Girish, S.; Vengala, J.; and Ranganath, R. V., “Volume Fractions in Self-Compacting Concrete – A Review,” Proceedings of the 5th International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete, Ghent, Belgium, 2007, pp. 73-81.
20. Girish, S., “Importance of Volume of Paste on the Compressive Strength of SCC - A Parameter to Be Considered in Mix Design,” Indian Concrete Journal, V. 91, No. 4, 2017, pp. 51-62.
21. Ajay, N.; Girish, S.; and Sindhu, M. S., “Comparative Studies on Fresh and Compressive Strength Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) by Modified IS 10262-2009 Method and Volume Fraction Method,” i-manager’s Journal of Structural Engineering, V. 8, No. 3, Sept.-Nov. 2019, pp. 44-49.
22. EFNARC, “Specification and Guidelines for Self-Compacting Concrete,” Hampshire, UK, Feb. 2002, 32 pp.
23. ACI Committee 237, “Self-Consolidating Concrete (ACI PRC-237.R-07) (Reapproved 2019),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2007, 34 pp.
24. Girish, S., and Santhosh, B. S., “Determination of Bingham Parameters of Fresh Portland Cement Concrete Using Concrete Shear Box,” Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science, V. 2, No. 4, Dec. 2012, pp. 84-90.
25. Girish, S., and Santhosh, B. S., “Concrete Shear Test: A New Tool for Determining Rheological Properties of Fresh Portland Cement Concrete,” Advances in Civil Engineering and Building Materials, Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK, 2013, pp. 289-293.
26. Girish, S., and Santhosh, B. S., “A Unique Procedure for Finding the Rheological Properties of Fresh Portland Cement Concrete Using Concrete Shear Tests,” 1st International RILEM Conference on Rheology and Processing of Construction Materials, Paris, France, Sept. 2013, pp. 365-372.
27. Ajay, N., “Feasibility Studies on the Use of Concrete Shear Box for Measurement of Rheological Properties of SCC Mixes,” PhD thesis, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India, 2019.
28. Ajay, N.; Girish, S.; and Joshi, A. M., “A Static Approach for Determining Rheological Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete (Powder and VMA Type) by using Direct Shear Box Test Method,” i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering, V. 10, No. 2, 2020, pp. 27-33.
29. Ajay, N.; Joshi, A. M.; Girish, S.; and Harshitha, M. R., “Experimental Studies on Rheological Properties of Conventional Vibrated Concrete using Direct Shear Box,” Indian Concrete Journal, V. 92, No. 8, Aug. 2018, pp. 19-28.
30. Szecsy, R. S., “Concrete Rheology,” PhD thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 1997, 215 pp.