Title:
Doing More and Doing Better with Fiber-Reinforced Shotcrete
Author(s):
Antoine Gagnon and Marc Jolin
Publication:
Concrete International
Volume:
43
Issue:
2
Appears on pages(s):
28-32
Keywords:
mixture, test, strength, performance
DOI:
10.14359/51731553
Date:
2/1/2021
Abstract:
The performance of fiber-reinforced shotcrete (FRS) depends on the quality of the shotcrete (its constituents and process), the performance of the fibers, and the interaction between the fibers and the shotcrete matrix. Unfortunately, the latter aspect is too often overlooked when designing an FRS mixture. Getting the most out of FRS is about finding the right “composite” for the situation or application considered and selecting an appropriate test method.
Related References:
1. Bentur, A., and Mindess, S., Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Composites, second edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2006, 624 pp.
2. Armelin, H.S., and Helene, P., “Physical and Mechanical Properties of Steel-Fiber Reinforced Dry-Mix Shotcrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 92, No. 3, May-June 1995, pp. 258-267.
3. “Guideline on the Applicability of Fibre-Reinforced Shotcrete for Ground Support in Mines,” MIGS III WP 24 Report, Nordic Rock Tech Centre, 2019, 53 pp.
4. Soroushian, P., and Lee, C.-D., “Distribution and Orientation of Fibers in Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 87, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 1990, pp. 433-439.
5. Vandewalle, M., “Use of Steel Fibre Reinforced Shotcrete for the Support of Mine Openings.” Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, V. 98, No. 3, May/June 1998, pp. 113-120.
6. Burns, D., “Characterization of Wet-Mix Shotcrete for Small Line Pumping,” MS thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada, 2008, 119 pp.
7. Jolin, M.; Melo, F.; Bissonnette, B.; Power, P.; and Demmard, E., “Evaluation of Wet-Mix Shotcrete Containing Set-Accelerator and Service Life Prediction,” Proceedings: Shotcrete for Underground Support XII, M. Lu, O. Sigl, and G. Li, eds., Singapore, Oct. 2015, 13 pp.
8. ACI Committee 506, “Guide to Fiber-Reinforced Shotcrete (ACI 506.1R-08),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2008, 14 pp.
9. Jolin, M.; Lemay, J.-D.; Ginouse, N.; Bissonnette, B.; and Blouin-Dallaire, É., “The Effect of Spraying on Fiber Content and Shotcrete Properties,” Proceedings: Shotcrete for Underground Support XII, M. Lu, O. Sigl, and G. Li, eds., Singapore, Oct. 2015, 15 pp.
10. UNE 83515:2010, “Hormigones con Fibras. Determinación de la Resistencia a Fisuración, Tenacidad y Resistencia Residual a Tracción. Método Barcelona” (Fibre Reinforced Concrete. Determination of Cracking Strength, Ductility and Residual Tensile Strength. Barcelona Test), Asociación Española de Normalización y Certificación (AENOR), Madrid, Spain, 2010, 10 pp.
11. EN 14488-5, “Testing Sprayed Concrete—Part 5: Determination of Energy Absorption Capacity of Fibre Reinforced Slab Specimens,” European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, 10 pp.
12. EN 14651, “Test Method for Metallic Fibre Concrete. Measuring the Flexural Tensile Strength (Limit of Proportionality [LOP], Residual)” European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium, 2007, 19 pp.
13. “EFNARC Three Point Bending Test on Square Panel with Notch,” EFNARC, June 2011, 12 pp.
14. “Publication No. 7: Sprayed Concrete for Rock Support,” Norwegian Concrete Association, Oslo, Norway, 2011, 103 pp.
15. Grimstad, E., and Barton, N., “Updating the Q-System for NMT,” Sprayed Concrete: Modern Use of Wet Mix Sprayed Concrete for Underground Support, R. Kompen, O. Opsahl, and K. Berg, eds., International Symposium on Sprayed Concrete, Fagernes, Norway, Oct. 1993, 464 pp.
16. ACI Committee 506, “Guide to Shotcrete (ACI 506R-16),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2016, 52 pp.
17. ACI Committee 544, “Report on the Measurement of Fresh State Properties and Fiber Dispersion of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (ACI 544.2R-17),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2017, 20 pp.
18. ACI Committee 544, “Guide for Specifying, Proportioning, and Production of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (ACI 544.3R-08),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2008, 12 pp.
19. ACI Committee 544, “Guide to Design with Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (ACI 544.4R-18),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2018, 39 pp.
20. ACI Committee 544, “Report on the Physical Properties and Durability of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (ACI 544.5R-10),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2010, 31 pp.
21. ACI Committee 544, “Report on Design and Construction of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Elevated Slabs (ACI 544.6R-15),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2015, 38 pp.
22. ACI Committee 544, “Report on Indirect Method to Obtain Stress-Strain Response of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (FRC) (ACI 544.8R-16),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2016, 22 pp.
23. ACI Committee 544, “Report on Measuring Mechanical Properties of Hardened Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (ACI 544.9R-17),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2017, 48 pp.