Title:
Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloy Bars: Comparison with High-Strength Steel
Author(s):
Ruchin Khadka, Mustafa Mashal, and Jared Cantrell
Publication:
Symposium Paper
Volume:
341
Issue:
Appears on pages(s):
160-187
Keywords:
analytical stress-strain relationship; Brinell hardness test; Charpy V-Notch impact test; galling test; high-strength steel; mechanical properties; novel materials; tension test; titanium alloy bars
DOI:
10.14359/51727029
Date:
6/30/2020
Abstract:
Recently titanium alloy bars (TiABs) have been gaining popularity in civil engineering applications. They offer good deformation capacity, better fatigue performance, high-strength-to-weight ratio, lighter weight (60% that of steel), and excellent corrosion resistance. Recently, TiABs were used in the strengthening of two bridges in Oregon to increase the shear and flexural capacities of the concrete beams. The research in this paper quantifies some common mechanical properties of TiABs using experimental investigation. This is done to explore suitability of the material for wider applications in civil infrastructure. The four types of testing conducted in accordance with ASTM standards included tension, hardness, Charpy V-Notch, and galling tests. Samples of 150 ksi (1034 MPa) high strength steel were also tested for comparison. Test results showed good performance of TiABs. Analytical models are proposed for stress-strain and toughness-temperature relationships.
Related References:
1. Boyer, R. R. “Attributes, characteristics, and applications of titanium and its alloys,” JOM, 2010.
2. Bomberger, H. B. “Titanium for Chemical Construction,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, V. 56, No. 8, 1964, pp. 55–8.
3. Naik, A. “The Fascinating Uses of Titanium in Everyday Life.” Science Struck. Available at: https://sciencestruck.com/titanium-uses. Accessed January 15,2019.
4. Mansouri, S. “Are Titanium Dental Implants Safe ?”Serene Dental. Available at: https://www.serenedentalcenter.com/titanium-dental-implants-safe/. Accessed January 15, 2019.
5. Adamus, J. “Applications of Titanium Sheets in Modern Building Construction,” Advanced Materials Research, V. 1020, 2014, pp. 9–14.
6. Higgins, C., Knudtsen, J., Amneus, D., et al. “Shear and Flexural Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Titanium Alloy Bars.” Proceedings of the 2nd World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering. Barcelona, Spain, 2017.
7. Higgins, C. C., Amneus, D., and Barker, L. “Methods for Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders Containing Poorly Detailed Flexural Steel Using Near-Surface Mounted Metallics,” 2015, Report No. FHWAOR-RD-16-02 p.
8. Kaushik. “Monument of The Conquerors of Space.” Amusing Planet. Available at: https://www.amusingplanet.com/2016/08/monument-to-conquerors-of-space.html. Accessed January 15, 2019.
9. Adkins, J., and George, W. “Titanium Finds a Home in Civil Engineering,” Concrete International, V. 39, No. 12, 2017, pp. 51–5.
10. Shrestha, S. (2019). "Seismic Retrofit of Square Reinforced Concerete Column using Titanium Alloy Bars."Oregon State University.
11. ASTM A722. “Standard Specification for Uncoated High-Strength Steel Bars for Prestressing Concrete,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012, p. 5.
12. ASTM E8/E8M “Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials,”American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011, 1–28 pp.
13. TEAM R DEVELOPMENT CORE. “The R Project for Statistical Computing,” http://www.R-project.org/, 2013, pp. 1–12.
14. ASTM E10-12. “Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2014.
15. ASTM E23. “Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2016.
16. ASTM G 98. “Standard Test Method for Galling Resistance of Materials,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2002.
17. ASTM E466. “Standard Practice for Conducting Force Controlled Constant Amplitude Axial Fatigue Tests of Metallic Materials,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2002, pp. 4–8.
18. ASTMG48. “Standard Test Methods for Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels and Related Alloys by Use of Ferric Chloride Solution,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2009.
19. ASTM G123. “Standard test method for evaluating stress corrosion cracking resistance of alloys with different nickel content in boiling acidified sodium chloride solution,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2005.
20. ASTM F1624. “Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Embrittlement Threshold in Steel by the Incremental Step Loading Technique,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2015, pp. 1–12.
21. ASTM A 370-17a. “Standard test methods and definitions for mechanical testing of steel products,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA,2014, pp. 1–50.
22. ASTM A962. “Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012, pp. 1–11.
23. ASTM E328. “Standard test methods for stress relaxation for materials and structures,” American Society for Testing Materials International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2008, pp. 1–13.