Title:
Seismic Performance of Unreinforced Concrete Railroad Bridge Piers
Author(s):
Qiang Gui and Zhongguo John Ma
Publication:
Symposium Paper
Volume:
342
Issue:
Appears on pages(s):
114-128
Keywords:
continuous rail track, nonlinear link element, railroad bridge, restraining effect, seismic performance, shaking table, video analysis
DOI:
10.14359/51725940
Date:
6/1/2020
Abstract:
Research on the seismic performance of unreinforced concrete railroad bridge substructures is presented. The restraining effect of a continuous rail track structure, which is considered to contribute to better seismic performance of railroad bridges compared with highway bridges, was investigated. A numerical modelling scheme
that takes into consideration the nonlinear properties of the ballast and bearings as well as steel and concrete materials was proposed and validated using previous full-scale field testing. The equivalent spring stiffness of the rail track system was obtained and used in the subsequent small-scale shaking table experiment, which investigated the dynamic response of column-shaped rigid body specimens with a spring restraint on the top. Several parameters were considered in the test matrix such as the stiffness of the restraint spring, the height/breadth ratio, the ground excitation, and single-body or multi-body configurations. Discussion regarding the testing results are also presented.
Related References:
ACI. (2014). "Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary." ACI 318-14, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI.
Ancheta, T. D., Darragh, R. B., Stewart, J. P., Seyhan, E., Silva, W. J., Chiou, B. S.-J., Wooddell, K. E., Graves, R. W., Kottke, A. R., Boore, D. M., Kishida, T., and Donahue, J. L. (2014). "NGA-West2 Database." Earthquake Spectra, 30(3), 989-1005.
AREMA (2003). "Practical Guide." American Railway Engineering Maintenance-of-Way Association, Lanham, MD.
AREMA (2012). "Manual for Railway Engineering." American Railway Engineering Maintenance-of-Way Association, Lanham, MD.
Brown, D., and Cox, A.J. (2009). "Innovative uses of video analysis." Phys. Teacher, 47, 145–150.
Byers, W. G. (1996). "Railroad Bridge Behavior during Past Earthquakes." Proc., 14th Structures Congress, American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY, 175-182.
Caccese, V., and Harris, H. G. (1990). "Earthquake Simulation Testing of Small-Scale Reinforced Concrete Structures." ACI Structural Journal, 87(1).
Chatzis, M. N., and Smyth, A. W. (2012). "Robust Modeling of the Rocking Problem." Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 138(3), 247-262.
Chen, D. (1979). "Field Phenomena in Meizoseismal Area of the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake." 2nd U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, August 22-24, 1979, Stanford University, CA.
Computers & Structures Inc. (2016). CSI Analysis Reference Manual for SAP2000®, ETABS®, SAFE® and CSiBridge®, Computer and Structures, Inc., Berkeley, CA.
Cook, S., Kennedy, D., and Cavaco, J. (2006). "Seismic Screening Methodology for Railroad Bridges." Proc., AREMA 2006 Annual Conference. Louisville, KY.
Duryea, E., and ASCE (1907). "The Effects of the San Francisco Earthquake of April 18th, 1906, on Engineering Construction: Reports of a General Committee and of Six Special Committees of the San Francisco
Association of Members of the American Society of Civil Engineers." American Society of Civil Engineers.
Ganesh Babu, K., and Sujatha, C. (2010). "Track Modulus Analysis of Railway Track System Using Finite Element Model." Journal of Vibration and Control, 16(10), 1559-1574.
Giresini, L., and Sassu, M. (2017). "Horizontally restrained rocking blocks: evaluation of the role of boundary conditions with static and dynamic approaches." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 15(1), 385-410.
Green, D. W., Winandy, J. E., and Kretschmann, D. E. (1999). “Mechanical properties of wood.” Wood handbook: wood as an engineering material (General technical report FPL; GTR-113), USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI. 4.1-4.45.
Harris, H. G., and Sabnis, G. M. (1999). Structural Modeling and Experimental Techniques, CRC-Press.
Housner, G. W. (1963). "The behavior of inverted pendulum structures during earthquakes." Bulletin of the seismological society of America, 53(2), 403-417.
Ishiyama, Y. (1982). "Motions of rigid bodies and criteria for overturning by earthquake excitations." Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 10(5), 635-650.
Kerr, A. D. (1980). "An improved analysis for thermal track buckling." International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics, 15(2), 99-114.
Konstantinidis D and Makris N (2007), “The Dynamics of a Rocking Block in Three Dimensions,” Proceeding of the Eighth HSTAM International Congress on Mechanics, Patras, Greece.
Mander, J. B., Priestley, M. J. N., and Park, R. (1988). "Theoretical Stress‐Strain Model for Confined Concrete." Journal of Structural Engineering, 114(8), 1804-1826.
Maragakis, E., Douglas, B., and Chen, Q. (2001). "Full-Scale Field Failure Tests of Railway Bridge." Journal of Bridge Engineering, 6(5), 356-362.
Office of the Engineer (1949). “The Fukui Earthquake, Hokuriku Region, Japan, 28 June 1948”, Volume II, Report prepared by the Office of the Engineer, General Headquarters, Far East Command, February, 1949.
Psycharis, I. N. (1990). "Dynamic behaviour of rocking two-block assemblies." Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 19(4), 555-575.
Shenton, H. W. (1996). "Criteria for Initiation of Slide, Rock, and Slide-Rock Rigid-Body Modes." Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 122(7), 690-693.
Sun, Y. Q., Spiryagin, M., Wu, Q., Cole, C., and Ma, W. H. (2018). "Feasibility in assessing the dipped rail joint defects through dynamic response of heavy haul locomotive." Journal of Modern Transportation, 26(2), 96-106.