Title:
Properties of Mortar Made with Basalt Powder as Sand Replacement
Author(s):
Magdalena Dobiszewska and Robert W. Barnes
Publication:
Materials Journal
Volume:
117
Issue:
2
Appears on pages(s):
3-9
Keywords:
basalt; compressive strength; flexural strength; hardened properties; mineral dust; porosity; stone dust; sustainability; waste management
DOI:
10.14359/51722392
Date:
3/1/2020
Abstract:
This paper describes a study of the use of waste basalt powder to enhance mortar properties when used as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. This basalt powder is a waste product resulting from the preparation of aggregates for asphalt mixture production. Experiments were performed on mixtures containing up to 20% replacement of sand by basalt powder to determine the impact on the compressive and flexural strength of mortar as well as on the flow characteristics, density, and porosity. The results indicate that use of basalt powder as a partial replacement of sand leads to improvement of the compressive strength and flexural strength. The mortar porosity in the capillary pore range was reduced. Use of the basalt powder can improve the management of industrial waste while improving the mechanical properties of cementitious mortar.
Related References:
1. Kurdowski, W., Cement and Concrete Chemistry, Springer, London, UK, 2014, 676 pp.
2. Arivumangai, A., and Felixkala, T., “Strength and Durability Properties of Granite Powder Concrete,” Journal of Civil Engineering Research, V. 4, 2014, pp. 1-6.
3. Divakar, Y.; Manjunath, S.; and Aswath, M. U., “Experimental Investigation on Behaviour of Concrete with the Use of Granite Fines,” International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies, V. 1, No. 4, July-Sept. 2012, pp. 84-87.
4. Li, H.; Huang, F.; Cheng, G.; Xie, Y.; Tan, Y.; Li, L.; and Yi, Z., “Effect of Granite Dust on Mechanical and Some Durability Properties of Manufactured Sand Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 109, No. 15, 2016, pp. 41-46. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.01.034
5. Menadi, B.; Kenai, S.; Khatib, J.; and Ait-Mokhtar, A., “Strength and Durability of Concrete Incorporating Crushed Limestone Sand,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 23, No. 2, 2009, pp. 625-633. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.02.005
6. Soroka, I., and Setter, N., “The Effect of Fillers on Strength of Cement Mortars,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 7, No. 4, 1977, pp. 449-456. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(77)90073-4
7. Almeida, N.; Branco, F.; and Santos, J. R., “Recycling of Stone Slurry in Industrial Activities: Application to Concrete Mixtures,” Building and Environment, V. 42, No. 2, 2007, pp. 810-819. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.09.018
8. Arulraj, G.; Adin, A.; and Kannan, T., “Granite Powder Concrete,” IRACST – Engineering Science and Technology, International Journal (Toronto, Ont.), V. 3, No. 1, Feb. 2013, pp. 193-198. (ESTIJ)
9. Felixkala, T., and Partheeban, P., “Granite Powder Concrete,” Indian Journal of Science and Technology, V. 3, No. 3, Mar. 2010, pp. 311-317.
10. Yüksel, I.; Özkan, Ö.; and Bilir, T., “Use of Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag in Concrete as Fine Aggregate,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 103, No. 3, May-June 2006, pp. 203-208.
11. Yüksel, I., and Genç, A., “Properties of Concrete Containing Nonground Ash and Slag as Fine Aggregate,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 104, No. 4, July-Aug. 2007, pp. 397-403.
12. Hwang, K. R.; Noguchi, T.; and Tomosawa, F., “Effects of Fine Aggregate Replacement on the Rheology, Compressive Strength and Carbonation Properties of Fly Ash and Mortar,” Sixth CANMET/ACI/JCI Conference: Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag & Natural Pozzolans in Concrete, SP-178, V. M. Malhotra, ed., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1998, pp. 401-410.
13. Papadakis, V. G., “Effect of Fly Ash on Portland Cement Systems Part I. Low-Calcium Fly Ash,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 29, No. 11, 1999, pp. 1727-1736. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00153-2
14. Ghafoori, N., and Diawara, H., “Abrasion Resistance of Fine Aggregate-Replaced Silica Fume Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 96, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 1999, pp. 559-569.
15. Ghafoori, N., and Diawara, H., “Strength and Wear Resistance of Sand-Replaced Silica Fume Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 104, No. 2, Mar.-Apr. 2007, pp. 201-214.
16. Alyamac, K. E., and Aydin, A. B., “Concrete Properties Containing Fine Aggregate Marble Powder,” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, V. 19, No. 7, 2015, pp. 2208-2216. doi: 10.1007/s12205-015-0327-y
17. Almeida, N.; Branco, F.; de Brito, J.; and Santos, J. R., “High-Performance Concrete with Recycled Stone Slurry,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 37, No. 2, 2007, pp. 210-220. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2006.11.003
18. Dhanalaxmi, C., and Nirmalkumar, D. K., “Study on the Properties of Concrete Incorporated with Various Mineral Admixtures – Limestone Powder and Marble Powder (Review Paper),” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, V. 4, No. 1, 2015, pp. 18511-18515. doi: 10.15680/IJIRSET.2015.0401014
19. Neeraj, J., “Effect of Nonpozzolanic and Pozzolanic Mineral Admixtures on the Hydration Behavior of Ordinary Portland Cement,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 27, No. 1, 2012, pp. 39-44. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.08.006
20. Bonavetti, V. L., and Irassar, E. F., “The Effect of Stone Dust Content in Sand,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 24, No. 3, 1994, pp. 580-590. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(94)90147-3
21. Rahhal, V.; Bonavetti, V.; Trusilewicz, L.; Pedrajas, C.; and Talero, R., “Role of the Filler on Portland Cement Hydration at Early Ages,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 27, No. 82, 2012, pp. 82-90. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.07.021
22. Laibao, L.; Yunsheng, Y.; Wenhua, Z.; Zhiyong, Z.; and Lihua, Z., “Investigating the Influence of Basalt as Mineral Admixture on Hydration and Microstructure Formation Mechanism of Cement,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 48, Nov. 2013, pp. 434-440. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.07.021
23. Kmecova, V., and Stefunkova, Z., “Effect of Basalt Powder on Workability and Initial Strength of Cement Mortar,” Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture Research, V. 1, No. 4, Oct. 2014, pp. 260-267.
24. Saraya, M. E. I., “Study Physico-Chemical Properties of Blended Cements Containing Fixed Amount of Silica Fume, Blast Furnace Slag, Basalt and Limestone, a Comparative Study,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 72, 2014, pp. 104-112. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.08.071
25. Uncik, S., and Kmecova, V., “The Effect of Basalt Powder on the Properties of Cement Composites,” Concrete and Concrete Structures Conference Procedia Engineering, V. 65, 2013, pp. 51-56.
26. Uygunoglu, T.; Topcu, I. B.; Gencel, O.; and Brostow, W., “The Effect of Fly Ash Content and Types of Aggregates on the Properties of Pre-Fabricated Concrete Interlocking Blocks (PCIBs),” Construction and Building Materials, V. 30, May 2012, pp. 180-187. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.020
27. Çelik, T., and Marar, K., “Effects of Crushed Stone Dust on Some Properties of Concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 26, No. 7, 1996, pp. 1121-1130. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(96)00078-6
28. Heikal, M.; El-Didamony, H.; and Morsy, M. S., “Limestone-Filled Pozzolanic Cement,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 30, No. 11, 2000, pp. 1827-1834. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00402-6
29. Uchikawa, H.; Hanehara, S.; and Hirao, H., “Influence of Microstructure on the Physical Properties of Concrete Prepared by Substituting Mineral Powder for Part of Fine Aggregate,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 26, No. 1, 1996, pp. 101-111. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(95)00193-X
30. Brostow, W.; Chetuya, N.; Hnatchuk, N.; and Uygunoglu, T., “Reinforcing Concrete: Comparison of Filler Effects,” Journal of Cleaner Production, V. 112, No. 4, 2016, pp. 2243-2248. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.105
31. Vardhan, K.; Goyal, S.; Siddique, R.; and Singh, M., “Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Analysis of Cement Mortar Incorporating Marble Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 96, Oct. 2015, pp. 615-621. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.071
32. Vijayalakshmi, M.; Sekar, A. S. S.; and Ganesh Prabhu, G., “Strength and Durability Properties of Concrete Made with Granite Industry Waste,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 46, Sept. 2013, pp. 1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.04.018
33. Chiranjeevi reddy, K.; Kumar, Y. Y.; and Poornima, P., “Experimental Study on Concrete with Waste Granite Powder as an Admixture,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, V. 5, No. 6, June 2015, pp. 87-93.
34. Ramachandran, V. S., and Zhang, C. M., “Dependence of Fineness of Calcium Carbonate on the Hydration Behaviour of Tricalcium Silicate,” Durability of Building Materials, V. 4, 1986, pp. 45-66.
35. Abdelaziz, M. A.; Abd El-Aleem, S.; and Menshawy, W. M., “Effect of Fine Materials in Local Quarry Dust of Limestone and Basalt on the Properties of Portland Cement Paste and Mortars,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (Ahmedabad), V. 3, No. 6, June 2014, pp. 1038-1056.
36. Yüksel, C.; Mardani-Aghabaglou, A.; Beglarigle, A.; Yazici, H.; Ramyar, K.; and Andic-Cakir, O., “Influence of Water/Powder Ratio and Powder Type on Alkali-Silica Reactivity and Transport Properties of Self-Consolidating Concrete,” Materials and Structures, V. 49, No. 1-2, 2016, pp. 289-299. doi: 10.1617/s11527-014-0497-y
37. Lawrence, P.; Cyr, M.; and Ringot, E., “Mineral Admixtures in Mortars Effect of Type, Amount and Fineness of Fine Constituents on Compressive Strength,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 35, No. 6, 2005, pp. 1092-1105. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.07.004
38. Knop, Y.; Peled, A.; and Cohen, R., “Influences of Limestone Particle Size Distributions and Contents on Blended Cement Properties,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 71, Nov. 2014, pp. 26-34. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.08.004
39. Tsivilis, S.; Tsantilas, J.; Kakali, G.; Chaniotakis, E.; and Sakellariou, A., “The Permeability of Portland Limestone Cement Concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 33, No. 9, 2003, pp. 1465-1471. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00092-9
40. Soroka, I., and Stern, N., “Calcareous Fillers and the Compressive Strength of Portland Cement,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 6, No. 3, 1976, pp. 367-376. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(76)90099-5
41. Eren, O., and Marar, K., “Effects of Limestone Crusher Dust and Steel Fibers on Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 23, No. 2, 2009, pp. 981-988. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.05.014
42. Topcu, I. B., and Ugurlu, A., “Effect of the Use of Mineral Filler on the Properties of Concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 33, No. 7, 2003, pp. 1071-1075. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00015-2
43. Aliabdo, A.; Elmoaty, A. M.; and Auda, E. M., “Re-Use of Waste Marble Dust in the Production of Cement and Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 50, Jan. 2014, pp. 28-41. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.09.005
44. Binici, H.; Kaplan, H.; and Yilmaz, S., “Influence of Marble and Limestone Dusts as Additives on Some Mechanical Properties of Concrete,” Scientific Research and Essays, V. 2, No. 9, Sept. 2007, pp. 372-379.
45. Demirel, B., “The Effects of Waste Marble Dust Applying as a Fine Sand on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete,” Cement, Wapno, Beton, V. 5, 2010, pp. 259-267.
46. Corinaldesi, V.; Moriconi, G.; and Naik, T. R., “Characterization of Marble Powder for Its Use in Mortar and Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 24, No. 1, 2010, pp. 113-117. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.08.013
47. Dobiszewska, M., “Waste Materials Used in Making Mortar and Concrete,” The Journal of Materials Education, V. 39, No. 5-6, 2017, pp. 133-156.
48. EN 196-1, “Methods of Testing Cement—Part 1: Determination of Strength,” European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Brussels, Belgium, 2016, 38 pp.
49. EN 197-1, “Cement—Part 1: Composition, Specification and Conformity Criteria for Common Cements,” European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Brussels, Belgium, 2011, 56 pp.
50. Dobiszewska, M.; Schindler, A. K.; and Pichór, W., “Mechanical Properties and Interfacial Transition Zone Microstructure of Concrete with Waste Basalt Powder Addition,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 177, 2018, pp. 222-229. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.133
51. Galetakis, M., and Soultana, A., “A Review on the Utilisation of Quarry and Ornamental Stone Industry Fine By-Products in the Construction Sector,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 102, No. 1, 2016, pp. 769-781. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.204
52. Roy, D. M.; Scheetz, B. E.; and Silsbee, M. R., “Processing of Optimized Cements and Concretes Via Particle Packing,” MRS Bulletin, V. 18, No. 3, 1993, pp. 45-49. doi: 10.1557/S088376940004389X