Title:
Ceramic Waste Powder as Alternative Mortar-Based Cementitious Material
Author(s):
Mehdi Mohit and Yasser Sharifi
Publication:
Materials Journal
Volume:
116
Issue:
6
Appears on pages(s):
107-116
Keywords:
cementitious material; ceramic waste; scanning electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction
DOI:
10.14359/51716819
Date:
11/1/2019
Abstract:
Recycling of factory waste is an essential activity these days. Ceramic waste material is among the highest produced worldwide. The aim of this paper is to investigate the feasible application of ceramic waste powder (CWP) as an alternative cementitious material. In this paper, portland cement Type II was replaced by 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% CWP. The mortar specimens were cured in water for 7, 14, 28, and 56 days and then the fresh, hardened, and durability properties of these specimens were investigated. The microstructure properties of CWP and mortar specimens were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The obtained results show that the specimen containing 10% CWP as cement replacement provided the highest strength. It was found that incorporating CWP as cement replacement decreased alkalisilica reaction expansion in samples as CWP increased.
Related References:
1. Pavlík, Z.; Fort, J.; Pavlíková, M.; Kulovaná, T.; Studnicka, J.; Cerný, R.; and Rahhal, V. F., “Reusing of Ceramic Waste Powder in Concrete Production,” Conference Proceedings of the 18th International Meeting of Thermophysical Society, Slovak Academy of Science in Bratislava, Podkylava, Slovak Republic, 2013, pp. 105-118.
2. Puertas, F.; García-Díaz, I.; Barba, A.; Gazulla, M. F.; Palacios, M.; Gómez, M. P.; and Martínez-Ramírez, S., “Ceramic Wastes as Alternative Raw Materials for Portland Cement Clinker Production,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 30, No. 9, 2008, pp. 798-805. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.06.003
3. Irassar, E.; Rahhal, V.; Tironi, A.; Trezza, M.; Pavlík, Z.; Pavlíková, M.; Jerman, M.; and Cerny, R., “Utilization of Ceramic Wastes as Pozzolanic Materials,” Technical Proceedings of the NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo, NSTI-Nanotech, V. 3, No. 3, 2014, pp. 230-233.
4. Awoyera, P. O.; Dawson, A. R.; Thom, N. H.; and Akinmusuru, J. O., “Suitability of Mortars Produced Using Laterite and Ceramic Wastes: Mechanical and Microscale Analysis,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 148, 2017, pp. 195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.031
5. Vejmelková, E.; Koňáková, D.; Kulovaná, T.; Hubáček, A.; and Černý, R., “Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Moderate-Strength Concrete with Ceramic Powder Used as Supplementary Cementitious Material,” Advanced Materials Research, V. 1054, 2014, pp. 194-198. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1054.194
6. Heidari, A., and Tavakoli, D., “Study of the Mechanical Properties of Ground Ceramic Powder Concrete Incorporating Nano-SiO2 particles,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 38, 2013, pp. 255-264. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.07.110
7. Pacheco-Torgal, F., and Jalali, S., “Compressive Strength and Durability Properties of Ceramic Wastes Based Concrete,” Materials & Construction, V. 44, No. 1, 2011, pp. 155-167.
8. Wang, G., and Tian, B., “Effect of Waste Ceramic Polishing Powder on the Properties of Cement Mortars,” International Conference on Energy and Environmental Technology, 2009, pp. 101-104.
9. Pokorný, J.; Fořt, J.; Pavlíková, M.; Studnička, J.; and Pavlík, Z., “Application of Mixed Ceramic Powder In Cement-Based Composites,” Advanced Materials Research, V. 1054, 2014, pp. 177-181. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1054.177
10. ASTM C150/C150M-09, “Standard Specification for Portland Cement,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2009, 10 pp.
11. ASTM C618-08, “Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2008, 3 pp.
12. ASTM C778-06, “Standard Specification for Standard Sand,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2006, 3 pp.
13. ASTM C94/C94M-09, “Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2009, 11 pp.
14. ASTM C494/C494M-10, “Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2010, 10 pp.
15. ASTM C305-06, “Standard Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2006, 3 pp.
16. ASTM C1437-07, “Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2007, 2 pp.
17. BS EN 1015-6:1999, “Methods of Test for Mortar for Masonry. Determination of Bulk Density of Fresh Mortar,” British Standards Institution, London, UK, 1999.
18. ASTM C191-08, “Standard Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2008, 8 pp.
19. BS EN 1015-10, “Methods of Test for Mortar for Masonry—Part 10: Determination of Dry Bulk Density of Hardened Mortar,” British Standards Institution, London, UK, 1999.
20. ASTM C109-08, “Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens),” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2008, 9 pp.
21. ASTM C348-08, “Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2008, 6 pp.
22. BS EN 4408-5, “Measurement of the Velocity of Ultrasonic Pulse in Concrete,” British Standards Institution London, UK, 1974.
23. BS EN 1015-18, “Methods of Test for Mortar for Masonry-Part 18: Determination of Water Absorption Coefficient Due to Capillary Action of Hardened Mortar,” British Standards Institution London, UK, 1999.
24. ASTM C1260-07, “Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method),” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2007, 5 PP.
25. Irshidat, M. R., and Al-Saleh, M. H., “Thermal Performance and Fire Resistance of Nanoclay Modified Cementitious Materials,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 159, 2018, pp. 213-219. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.127
26. Ramachandran, V. S., and Beaudoin, J. J., Handbook of Analytical Techniques in Concrete Science and Technology: Principles, Techniques and Applications, Noyes Publication, New York, 1999.
27. Heikal, M.; El-Didamony, H.; Sokkary, T. M.; and Ahmed, I. A., “Behavior of Composite Cement Pastes Containing Microsilica and Fly Ash at Elevated Temperature,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 38, 2013, pp. 1180-1190. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.09.069
28. Snelson, D.; Wild, S.; and O’Farrell, M., “Setting Time of Portland Cement-Metakaolin-Fly Ash blends,” Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, V. 17, No. 1, 2011, pp. 55-62. doi: 10.3846/13923730.2011.554171
29. Jamil, M.; Khan, M. N. N.; Karim, M. R.; Kaish, A. B. M. A.; and Zain, M. F. M., “Physical and Chemical Contributions of Rice Husk Ash on the Properties of Mortar,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 128, 2016, pp. 185-198. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.10.029
30. Nazari, A., and Riahi, S. “The Effect of Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles on the Compressive Strength and Structure of Self-Compacting Concrete,” Magazine of Concrete Research, V. 64, No. 1, 2012, pp. 71-82. doi: 10.1680/macr.10.00106
31. Demirboğa, R.; Türkmen, İ.; and Karakoç, M. B., “Relationship between Ultrasonic Velocity and Compressive Strength for High-Volume Mineral-Admixture Concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 34, No. 12, 2004, pp. 2329-2336. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.04.017
32. Torres, I., and Matias, G., “Sustainable Mortars for Rehabilitation of Old Plasters,” Engineering Structures, V. 129, 2016, pp. 11-17. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.07.009
33. Bleszynski, R. F., and Thomas, M. D. A., “Microstructural Studies of Alkali–Silica Reaction in Fly Ash Concrete Immersed in Alkaline Solutions,” Advanced Cement Based Materials, V. 7, No. 2, 1998, pp. 66-78. doi: 10.1016/S1065-7355(97)00030-8
34. Chatterji, S.; Thaulow, N.; and Jensen, A. D., “Studies of Alkali-Silica Reaction, Part 4, Effect of Different Alkali Salt Solutions on Expansion,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 17, No. 5, 1987, pp. 777-783. doi: 10.1016/0008-8846(87)90040-8
35. Khan, M. N. N.; Jamil, M.; Karim, M. R.; Zain, M. F. M.; and Kaish, A. B. M. A., “Filler Effect of Pozzolanic Materials on the Strength and Microstructure Development of Mortar,” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, V. 21, No. 1, 2017, pp. 274-284. doi: 10.1007/s12205-016-0737-5
36. Morsy, M. S.; Al-Salloum, Y. A.; Abbas, H.; and Alsayed, S. H., “Behavior of Blended Cement Mortars Containing Nano-metakaolin at Elevated Temperatures,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 35, 2012, pp. 900-905. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.099
37. Aydın, S., “Development of a High-Temperature-Resistant Mortar by Using Slag and Pumice,” Fire Safety Journal, V. 43, No. 8, 2008, pp. 610-617. doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2008.02.001
38. Cattaneo, J. U. S., “Glass Recycling: Market Outlook,” Resource Conservation Challenge (RCC) Workshop, Arlington, VA, 2008