Title:
Experimental Behavior of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Concrete Columns under Lateral Cyclic Load
Author(s):
Mohammed G. Elshamandy, Ahmed Sabry Farghaly, and Brahim Benmokrane
Publication:
Structural Journal
Volume:
115
Issue:
2
Appears on pages(s):
337-349
Keywords:
concrete columns; ductility parameters; energy dissipation; glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars; hysteretic response
DOI:
10.14359/51700985
Date:
3/1/2018
Abstract:
The present study addresses the feasibility of reinforced concrete columns totally reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars achieving the drift requirements specified in various codes. Eleven full-scale concrete columns—two reinforced with steel bars (as reference specimen) and nine totally reinforced with GFRP bars—were constructed and tested to failure under quasistatic reversed cyclic lateral loading and simultaneously subjected to constant compression axial load. The reported test results clearly show that properly designed and detailed GFRP-reinforced concrete columns could reach high deformation levels with no strength degradation. The results also show that the achieved drift satisfies the limitation in most building codes. Acceptable levels of energy dissipation and ductility parameters, compared to the steel-reinforced columns, were observed. The promising results can provide impetus for constructing concrete columns reinforced with GFRP and constitute a step toward using GFRP reinforcement in lateral-resisting systems such as reinforced concrete frames.
Related References:
ACI Committee 318, 2014, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 519 pp.
ACI Committee 440, 2004, “Guide Test Methods for Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) for Reinforcing or Strengthening Concrete Structures (ACI 440.3R-04),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 40 pp.
ACI Committee 440, 2007, “Report on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Reinforcement Concrete Structures (ACI 440R-07),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 100 pp.
ACI Committee 440, 2015, “Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Reinforced with FRP Bars (ACI 440.1R-15),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 44 pp.
Afifi, M.; Mohamed, H.; and Benmokrane, B., 2014, “Axial Capacity of Circular Concrete Columns Reinforced with GFRP Bars and Spirals,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 18, No. 1, p. 04013017 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000438
Ali, M. A.; and El-Salakawy E., 2016, “Seismic Performance of GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Columns,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 20, N. 3, p. 04015074. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000637
Alsayed, S. H.; Al-Salloum, Y. A.; Almusallam, T. H.; and Amjad, M. A., 1999, “Concrete Columns Reinforced by GFRP Rods,” Fourth International Symposium on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures, SP-188, C. W. Dolan, S. H. Rizkalla, and A. Nanni, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, pp. 103-112.
ASTM D7205-11, 2011, “Standard Test Methods for Tensile Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Bars,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 13 pp.
Bakis, C. E.; Bank, L. C.; Brown, V. L.; Cosenza, E.; Davalos, J. F.; Lesko, J. J.; Machida, A.; Rizkalla, S. H.; and Triantafillou, T. C., 2002, “Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Construction—State-of-the-Art Review,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 6, No. 2, pp. 73-87. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2002)6:2(73)
CAN/CSA A23.3-14, 2014, “Design of Concrete Structures Standard,” Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 2004, 240 pp.
CAN/CSA S6-14, 2014, “Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code,” Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 1078 pp.
CAN/CSA S806-12, 2012, “Design and Construction of Building Components with Fiber-Reinforced Polymers,” Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 208 pp.
CAN/CSA S807-15, 2015, “Specification for Fibre Reinforced Polymers,” Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 44 pp.
Choo, C. C.; Harik, I. E.; and Gesund, H., 2006, “Strength of Rectangular Concrete Columns Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 103, No. 3, May-June, pp. 452-459.
De Luca, A.; Matta, F.; and Nanni, A., 2010, “Behavior of Full-Scale Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforced Concrete Columns under Axial Load,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 107, No. 5, Sept.-Oct., pp. 589-596.
El-Salakawy, E.; Benmokrane, B.; El-Ragaby, A.; and Nadeau, D., 2005, “Field Investigation on the First Bridge Deck Slab Reinforced with Glass FRP Bars Constructed in Canada,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 9, No. 6, pp. 470-479. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:6(470)
Fédération Internationale du Béton (fib) 2007, “FRP Reinforcement in RC Structures,” Task Group 9.3, Lausanne, Switzerland, 147 pp.
Jaeger, L. G.; Tadros, G.; and Mufti, A. A., 1995, “Balanced Section, Ductility and Deformability in Concrete with FRP Reinforcement.” Technical Report No. 2-1995, Nova Scotia CAD/CAM Centre, Technical University of Nova Scotia, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Kassem, C.; Farghaly, A. S.; and Benmokrane, B., 2011, “Evaluation of Flexural Behavior and Serviceability Performance of Concrete Beams Reinforced with FRP Bars,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 15, No. 5, pp. 682-695. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000216
Mady, M.; Elragaby, A.; and Elsalakawy, E., 2011, “Seismic Behavior of Beam-Column Joints Reinforced with GFRP Bars and Stirrups,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 15, No. 6, pp. 875-886. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000220
Mohamed, N.; Farghaly, A. S.; and Benmokrane, B., 2015, “Aspects of Deformability of Concrete Shear Walls Reinforced with Glass Fiber-Reinforced Bars,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 19, No. 5, p. 06014001 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000529
Mohamed, N.; Farghaly, A. S.; Benmokrane, B.; and Neale, K. W., 2014, “Experimental Investigation of Concrete Shear Walls Reinforced with Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Bars under Lateral Cyclic Loading,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 18, No. 3, p. A4014001 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000393
National Research Council of Canada, NRC, 2010, “Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes,” National Building Code of Canada (NBC), Ottawa, ON, Canada, 1167 pp.
Sharbatdar, M. K., and Saatcioglu, M., 2009, “Seismic Design of FRP Reinforced Concrete Structures,” Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, V. 2, No. 3, pp. 211-222. doi: 10.3923/ajaps.2009.211.222
Sheikh, S. A., and Khoury, S. S., 1993, “Confined Concrete Columns with Stubs,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 90, No. 4, July-Aug., pp. 414-431.
Tavassoli, A.; Liu, J.; and Sheikh, S., 2015, “Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Circular Columns under Simulated Seismic Loads,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 112, No. 1, Jan.-Feb., pp. 103-114.
Tobbi, H.; Farghaly, A. S.; and Benmokrane, B., 2012, “Concrete Columns Reinforced Longitudinally and Transversally with Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymers Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 109, No. 4, July-Aug., pp. 551-558.
Tobbi, H.; Farghaly, A. S.; and Benmokrane, B., 2014, “Strength Model for Concrete Columns Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars and Ties,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 111, No. 4, July-Aug., pp. 789-798.
Zadeh, H. J., and Nanni, A., 2013, “Design of RC Columns Using Glass FRP Reinforcement,” Journal of Composites for Construction, V. 17, No. 3, June, pp. 294-304.