Title:
Seismic Performance of a Precast Recycled Concrete Frame Structure
Author(s):
Jianzhuang Xiao, Tao Ding, and Thi Loan Pham
Publication:
Structural Journal
Volume:
112
Issue:
4
Appears on pages(s):
515-524
Keywords:
damage assessment; frame structure; precast; recycled aggregate concrete (RAC); seismic performance; shake-table tests
DOI:
10.14359/51687660
Date:
7/1/2015
Abstract:
Shake-table tests on a six-story precast recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) space frame structure were investigated. The 1/4-scale precast RAC frame structure was constructed with precast beams, precast columns, and cast-in-place (CIP) slabs, which is different from the previous CIP RAC frames researched. Based on the structural dynamic responses, the failure pattern and mechanism, deformation, and energy dissipation capacity were analyzed and evaluated. Furthermore, the seismic damage assessment of the entire
precast structure was completed. The evaluation on the interstory and residual drifts, displacement ductility, and energy dissipation indicate that the frame had comparable deformation ability to that of a natural aggregate concrete (NAC) precast frame and was able to dissipate the input energy during earthquakes. The RAC frame model did not collapse at the maximum considered earthquake level, suggesting that the precast RAC frame structure had enough collapse-resistant capacity during earthquake attacks, which is also proved by the seismic damage assessment.
Related References:
1. Eguchi, K.; Teranishi, K.; Nakagome, A.; Kishimoto, H.; Shinozaki, K.; and Narikawa, M., “Application of Recycled Coarse Aggregate by Mixture to Concrete Construction,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 21, No. 7, 2007, pp. 1542-1551. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.12.023
2. Xiao, J., Recycled Concrete, Chinese Building Press, Beijing, China, 2008, 194 pp. (in Chinese)
3. Nixon, P. J., “Recycled Concrete as an Aggregate for Concrete—A Review,” Materials and Structures, V. 11, No. 65, 1978, pp. 371-378.
4. Hansen, T. C., “Recycled Aggregate and Recycled Aggregate Concrete, Second State-of-the-Art Report: Developments from 1945-1985,” Materials and Structures, V. 19, No. 3, 1986, pp. 201-246. doi: 10.1007/BF02472036
5. Hansen, T. C., Recycling of Demolished Concrete and Masonry, E&FN Spon, London, UK, 1990, 336 pp.
6. ACI Committee 555, “Removal and Reuse of Hardened Concrete (ACI 555R-01),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2001, 26 pp.
7. Xiao, J. Z.; Li, J. B.; and Zhang, C., “Mechanical Properties of Recycled Aggregate Concrete under Uniaxial Loading,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 35, No. 6, 2005, pp. 1187-1194. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.09.020
8. Poon, C. S., and Chan, D., “The Use of Recycled Aggregate in Concrete in Hong Kong,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, V. 50, No. 3, 2007, pp. 293-305. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2006.06.005
9. Dhir, R. K.; Limbachiya, M. C.; and Leelawat, T., “Suitability of Recycled Concrete Aggregate for Use in BS 5328 Designated Mixes,” Proceedings of the ICE—Structures and Buildings, V. 134, No. 3, 1999, pp. 257-274.
10. Fathifazl, G.; Abbas, A.; Razaqpur, A. G.; Isgor, O. B.; Fournier, B.; and Foo, S., “New Mixture Proportioning Method for Concrete Made with Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregate,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, V. 21, No. 10, 2009, pp. 601-611. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2009)21:10(601)
11. Topcu, I. B., and Şengel, S., “Properties of Concretes Produced with Waste Concrete Aggregate,” Cement and Concrete Research, V. 34, No. 8, 2004, pp. 1307-1312. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2003.12.019
12. Sato, R.; Maruyama, I.; Sogabe, T.; and Sogo, M., “Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Recycled Concrete Beams,” Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, V. 5, No. 1, 2007, pp. 43-61. doi: 10.3151/jact.5.43
13. Fournier, B.; Razaqpur, A. G.; Abbas, A.; Fathifazl, G.; Foo, S.; and Isgor, O. B., “Shear Strength of Reinforced Recycled Concrete Beams with Stirrups,” Magazine of Concrete Research, V. 62, No. 10, 2010, pp. 685-699. doi: 10.1680/macr.2010.62.10.685
14. Choi, W. C., and Yun, H. D., “Compressive Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Columns with Recycled Aggregate under Uniaxial Loading,” Engineering Structures, V. 41, 2012, pp. 285-293. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.03.037
15. Corinaldesi, V., and Moriconi, G., “Behavior of Beam-Column Joints Made of Sustainable Concrete under Cyclic Loading,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, V. 18, No. 5, 2006, pp. 650-658. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2006)18:5(650)
16. Corinaldesi, V.; Letelier, V.; and Moriconi, G., “Behaviour of Beam-Column Joints Made of Recycled-Aggregate Concrete under Cyclic Loading,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 25, No. 4, 2011, pp. 1877-1882. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.072
17. Xiao, J. Z.; Sun, Y. D.; and Falkner, H., “Seismic Performance of Frame Structures with Recycled Aggregate Concrete,” Engineering Structures, V. 28, No. 1, 2006, pp. 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.06.019
18. Xiao, J. Z.; Wang, C. Q.; Li, J.; and Tawana, M. M., “Shake-Table Model Tests on Recycled Aggregate Concrete Frame Structure,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 109, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2012, pp. 777-786.
19. Priestley, M. J. N.; Sritharan, S. S.; Conley, J. R.; and Pampanin, S., “Preliminary Results and Conclusions from the PRESSS Five-Storey Precast Concrete Test Building,” PCI Journal, V. 44, No. 6, 1999, pp. 42-67. doi: 10.15554/pcij.11011999.42.67
20. Khoo, J.; Li, B.; and Yip, W., “Tests on Precast Concrete Frames with Connections Constructed away from Column Faces,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 103, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2006, pp. 18-27.
21. Xue, W., and Yang, X., “Tests on Half-Scale, Two-Story, Two-Bay, Moment-Resisting Hybrid Concrete Frames,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 106, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2009, pp. 627-635.
22. Alcocer, S. M.; Carranza, R.; Perez-Navarrete, D.; and Martinez, R., “Seismic Tests of Beam-to-Column Connections in a Precast Concrete Frame,” PCI Journal, V. 47, No. 3, 2002, pp. 70-89. doi: 10.15554/pcij.05012002.70.89
23. Psycharis, I. N., and Mouzakis, H. P., “Assessment of the Seismic Design of Precast Frames with Pinned Connections from Shaking Table Tests,” Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, V. 10, No. 6, 2012, pp. 1795-1817. doi: 10.1007/s10518-012-9372-9
24. Jaillon, L., and Poon, C. S., “Design Issues of Using Prefabrication in Hong Kong Building Construction,” Construction Management and Economics, V. 28, No. 10, 2010, pp. 1025-1042. doi: 10.1080/01446193.2010.498481
25. Tam, V. W.; Tam, C. M.; Zeng, S. X.; and Ng, W. C., “Towards Adoption of Prefabrication in Construction,” Building and Environment, V. 42, No. 10, 2007, pp. 3642-3654. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.10.003
26. Soutsos, M. N.; Tang, K. K.; and Millard, S. G., “Use of Recycled Demolition Aggregate in Precast Products, Phase II: Concrete Paving Blocks,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 25, No. 7, 2011, pp. 3131-3143. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.12.024
27. Soutsos, M. N.; Tang, K. K.; and Millard, S. G., “The Use of Recycled Demolition Aggregate in Precast Concrete Products—Phase III: Concrete Pavement Flags,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 36, 2012, pp. 674-680. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.045
28. Xiao, J. Z.; Huang, X.; and Shen, L. M., “Seismic Behavior of Semi-Precast Column with Recycled Aggregate Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 35, 2012, pp. 988-1001. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.062
29. Xiao, J. Z.; Pham, T. L.; Wang, P. J.; and Gao, G., “Behaviors of Semi-Precast Beams Made of Recycled Aggregate Concrete,” Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, V. 23, No. 9, 2014, pp. 692-712. doi: 10.1002/tal.1071
30. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-05) and Commentary,” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2005, 430 pp.
31. Sonin, A. A., “A Generalization of the Π-theorem and Dimensional Analysis,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, V. 101, No. 23, 2004, pp. 8525-8526. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0402931101
32. Seismology Committee, “Recommended Lateral Force Requirements and Commentary (Blue Book),” Structural Engineers Association of California (SEAOC), Sacramento, CA, 1999, pp. 327-421.
33. Structural Engineers Association of California (SEAOC) Performance-Based Seismic Engineering Ad Hoc Subcommittee, “Revised Interim Guidelines: Performance-Based Seismic Engineering for the SEAOC Blue Book,” Sacramento, CA, 2003, pp. 128-132.
34. Belén, G. F.; Fernando, M. A.; Diego, C. L.; and Sindy, S. P., “Stress-Strain Relationship in Axial Compression for Concrete Using Recycled Saturated Coarse Aggregate,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 25, No. 5, 2011, pp. 2335-2342. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.031
35. Park, R., and Paulay, T., Reinforced Concrete Structures, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1975, 769 pp.
36. Rahman, M. A., and Sritharan, S., “Performance-Based Seismic Evaluation of Two Five-Story Precast Concrete Hybrid Frame Buildings,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 133, No. 11, 2007, pp. 1489-1500. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007)133:11(1489)
37. Stanton, J.; Stone, W. C.; and Cheok, G. S., “A Hybrid Reinforced Precast Frame for Seismic Regions,” PCI Journal, V. 42, No. 2, 1997, pp. 20-23. doi: 10.15554/pcij.03011997.20.23
38. Belleri, A., and Riva, P., “Seismic Performance and Retrofit of Precast Concrete Grouted Sleeve Connections,” PCI Journal, V. 57, No. 1, 2012, pp. 97-109. doi: 10.15554/pcij.01012012.97.109
39. Park, R., “Evaluation of Ductility of Structures and Structural Assemblages from Laboratory Testing,” Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering, V. 22, No. 3, 1989, pp. 155-166.
40. Park, Y. J., and Ang, A. H. S., “Mechanistic Seismic Damage Model for Reinforced Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 111, No. 4, 1985, pp. 722-739. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:4(722)
41. Park, Y. J.; Ang, A. H. S.; and Wen, Y. K., “Seismic Damage Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Buildings,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 111, No. 4, 1985, pp. 740-757. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:4(740)
42. Xiao, J. Z.; Lu, D.; and Ying, J. W., “Durability of Recycled Aggregate Concrete: An Overview,” Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, V. 11, No. 12, 2013, pp. 347-359. doi: 10.3151/jact.11.347