Title:
DUCTILITY ENHANCEMENT IN BEAM-COLUMN CONNECTIONS UNDER CYCLIC LOAD USING HyFRC
Author(s):
Dhaval Kheni, Richard H. Scott, S. K. Deb, and Anjan Dutta
Publication:
Structural Journal
Volume:
112
Issue:
2
Appears on pages(s):
167-178
Keywords:
beam-column; cyclic loading; damage; gauged bar; hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete; toughness
DOI:
10.14359/51687405
Date:
3/1/2015
Abstract:
In the first part of this study, 36 prisms made of plain concrete,
steel fiber-reinforced concrete, and hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete (HyFRC) were tested under quasi-static load to account for variability in fiber specifications. Two types of steel fibers with hooked ends and two types of polymer fiber—namely, polypropylene and polyester—were used. The HyFRC prisms exhibited approximately 10 to 15 times the enhancement in toughness compared to similar plain concrete
prisms up to failure. In the second part of the experimental program, four types of beam-column connections were tested under cyclic loading. Test results established that the addition of hybrid fiber in the joint region of the specimens is effective in enhancing their displacement ductility and energy dissipation capacity. Detailed measurement of strain distributions along the main reinforcement of the specimens
showed that there was substantial reduction in strain levels in the specimens with HyFRC in the joint region.
Related References:
1. Choudhury, A. M.; Deb, S. K.; and Dutta, A., “Study on Size Effect of Fibre Reinforced Polymer Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Connections under Cyclic Loading,” Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, V. 40, No. 4, 2013, pp. 353-360. doi: 10.1139/cjce-2012-0041
2. Marthong, C.; Dutta, A.; and Deb, S. K., “Seismic Rehabilitation of RC Exterior Beam-Column Connections Using Epoxy Resin Injection,” Journal of Earthquake Engineering, V. 17, No. 3, 2013, pp. 378-398. doi: 10.1080/13632469.2012.738284
3. Paulay, T.; Park, R.; and Priestly, M. J. N., “Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints under Seismic Actions,” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 75, No. 6, June 1978, pp. 585-593.
4. Durrani, A. J., and Wight, J. K., “Behavior of Interior Beam-to-Column Connections under Earthquake-Type Loading,” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 82, No. 3, May-June 1985, pp. 343-349.
5. Abdel-Fattah, B., and Wight, J. K., “Study of Moving Beam Plastic Hinging Zones for Earthquake-Resistant Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 84, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 1987, pp. 31-39.
6. Chutarat, N., and Aboutaha, R. S., “Cyclic Response of Exterior Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints Reinforced with Beaded Bars—Experimental Investigation,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 100, No. 2, Mar.-Apr. 2003, pp. 259-264.
7. Joshi, M. K.; Murty, C. V. R.; and Jaisingh, M. P., “Cyclic Behaviour of Precast RC Connections,” Indian Concrete Journal, V. 79, No. 11, 2005, pp. 43-50.
8. Nie, J.; Bai, Y.; and Cai, C. S., “New Connection System for Confined Concrete Columns and Beams. I: Experimental Study,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 134, No. 12, 2008, pp. 1787-1799. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:12(1787)
9. Park, S., and Mosalam, K. M., “Experimental and Analytical Studies on Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Seismically Vulnerable Beam-Column Joints,” Report No. PEER 2012/03, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 2012.
10. Banthia, N., and Trottier, J. F., “Test Methods for Flexural Toughness Characterization of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete: Some Concerns and a Proposition,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 92, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 1995, pp. 48-57.
11. ACI Committee 544, “Design Considerations for Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (ACI 544.4R),” ACI Structural Journal, V. 85, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 1988, pp. 563-580.
12. Banthia, N., and Soleimani, S. M., “Flexural Response of Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 102, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2005, pp. 382-389.
13. Qian, C., and Stroeven, P., “Fracture Properties of Concrete Reinforced with Steel-Polypropylene Hybrid Fibres,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 22, No. 5, 2000, pp. 343-351. doi: 10.1016/S0958-9465(00)00033-0
14. Banthia, N., and Nandakumar, N., “Crack Growth Resistance of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Cement Composites,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 25, No. 1, 2003, pp. 3-9. doi: 10.1016/S0958-9465(01)00043-9
15. Mohankumar, G., and Bangaruchandran, L., “Structural Behavior of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete Beams,” Indian Concrete Journal, V. 83, No. 10, 2009, pp. 14-20.
16. Blunt, J., and Ostertag, C. P., “Performance-Based Approach for the Design of a Deflection Hardened Hybrid Fibre-Reinforced Concrete,” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, V. 135, No. 9, 2009, pp. 978-986. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2009)135:9(978)
17. Parra-Montesinos, G. J., “High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cement Composites: An Alternative for Seismic Design of Structures,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 102, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2005, pp. 668-675.
18. Zohrevand, P., and Mirmiran, A., “Cyclic Behavior of Fibre Reinforced Polymer-Encased Engineered Cementitious Composite for Bridge Columns,” Structures Congress 2010, 2010, pp. 1828-1839.
19. Kumar, P.; Jen, G.; Trono, W.; Panagiotou, M.; and Osterberg, C., “Self Compacting Fiber R.C. Composites for Bridge Columns,” Report No. PEER 2011/106, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 2011.
20. Bedirhanoglu, I.; Ilki, A.; and Kumbasar, N., “Precast Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites for Seismic Retrofit of Deficient RC Joints—A Pilot Study,” Engineering Structures, V. 52, 2013, pp. 192-206. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.02.020
21. Govindbhai, K. D.; Deb, S. K.; and Dutta, A., “Studies on Toughness of Hybrid Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Composite Beam,” Proceedings of International Conference on Structural Engineering Construction and Management, Kandy, Sri Lanka, Dec. 2011.
22. ASTM C1609/C1609M-12, “Standard Test Method for Flexural Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam with Third-Point Loading),” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012, 9 pp.
23. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-02) and Commentary,” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2002, 443 pp.
24. IS 13920:1993, “Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces – Code of Practice,” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India, 1993.
25. ASTM C595/C595M-13, “Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2013, 13 pp.
26. BS 4449:2005, “Steel for the Reinforcement of Concrete – Weldable Reinforcing Steel – Bar, Coil and Decoiled Product – Specification,” British Standards Institution, London, UK, 2005.
27. Scott, R. H., and Beeby, A. W., “Long-Term Tension Stiffening Effects in Concrete,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 102, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2005, pp. 31-39.
28. Scott, R. H., and Whittle, R. T., “Moment Redistribution Effects in Beams,” Magazine of Concrete Research, V. 57, No. 1, 2005, pp. 9-20. doi: 10.1680/macr.2005.57.1.9
29. Karayannis, C. G., and Sirkelis, G. M., “Strengthening and Rehabilitation of RC Beam-Column Joints Using Carbon-FRP Jacketing and Epoxy Resin Injection,” Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, V. 37, No. 5, 2008, pp. 769-790. doi: 10.1002/eqe.785
30. Karayannis, C. G., “Nonlinear Analysis and Tests of Steel-Fiber Concrete Beams in Torsion,” Structural Engineering & Mechanics, V. 9, No. 4, 2000, pp. 323-338. doi: 10.12989/sem.2000.9.4.323
31. Choudhury, A. M., “Study of Size Effect of RC Beam-Column Joints with and without Retrofitting under Cyclic Loading,” PhD thesis, IIT Guwahati, Guwahati, India, 2010.
32. Park, R., and Ang, A. H. S., “Mechanistic Seismic Damage Model for Reinforced Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 111, No. 4, 1985, pp. 722-739. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:4(722)
33. Karayannis, C. G.; Chalioris, C. E.; and Sirkelis, G. M., “Local Retrofit of Exterior RC Beam-Column Joints Using Thin RC Jackets—An Experimental Study,” Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, V. 37, No. 5, 2008, pp. 727-746. doi: 10.1002/eqe.783
34. Shannag, M. J., and Alhassan, M. A., “Seismic Upgrade of Interior Beam-Column Subassemblages with High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Jackets,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 102, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2005, pp. 131-138.
35. Scott, R. H., “Intrinsic Mechanisms in Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Connection Behavior,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 93, No. 3, May-June 1996, pp. 336-346