Title:
Durable Concrete with Modern Air-Entraining Admixtures
Author(s):
Robert Felice, John Michael Freeman, and M. Tyler Ley
Publication:
Concrete International
Volume:
36
Issue:
8
Appears on pages(s):
37-45
Keywords:
freezing and thawing, air void parameters, lignosulfonate, pavement
DOI:
Date:
8/1/2014
Abstract:
Current recommendations for air contents are based on research completed in the 1950s with mixtures that contained a single type of air-entraining admixture and test methods that do not match modern standardized tests. The work presented in this article investigates the fresh and hardened air void parameters and the cyclic freezing-and-thawing durability for mixtures with some of the air-entraining agents, various water-cement ratios, and combinations with mid-range water-reducing admixtures used to produce modern concrete pavements. Recommendations are made for the required air content and hardened air void system characteristics in such mixtures.