Title: 
            Superplasticizers: A Global Review With Emphasis on Durability and Innovative Concretes
        
        
            Author(s): 
            V. M. Malhotra
        
        
            
                Publication: 
                Symposium Paper
            
            
                Volume: 
                119
            
            
                Issue: 
                
            
            
                Appears on pages(s): 
                1-18
            
            
                Keywords: 
                admixtures; concretes; fiber-reinforced concretes; fly ash; freeze-thaw durability; performance; plasticizers; reviews; shotcrete; silica fume; water-reducing agents; Materials Research
            
            
                DOI: 
                10.14359/2253
            
        
        
            Date: 
            9/1/1989
        
        
            Abstract:
            Traces the development of superplasticizers in Japan and Germany, and discusses the properties of superplasticized fresh and hardened concrete. Data are presented on the use of superplasticizers in Australia, Canada, Japan, Singapore, U.K., U.S., and Western Europe. The performance of superplasticized concrete under freezing and thawing conditions both in the  laboratory and the field is discussed, and the use of superplasticizers in the development of innovative concretes is described. The ASTM and Canadian specifications dealing with superplasticizers are discussed, and the paper is concluded with a list of pertinent references.