Title: 
            Use of Shotcrete for Tunneling in Difficult Grounds
        
        
            Author(s): 
            Pericle Quadrio Curzio, Glauco Barazzoni, Fiorenzo Nobili, and Alessio Anselmi
        
        
            
                Publication: 
                Symposium Paper
            
            
                Volume: 
                45
            
            
                Issue: 
                
            
            
                Appears on pages(s): 
                79-95
            
            
                Keywords: 
                
            
            
                DOI: 
                10.14359/17937
            
        
        
            Date: 
            1/1/1974
        
        
            Abstract:
            (Italian State Railways) Our first experience with the shotcrete method dates back to 1958.  We constructed a pressure water pipe tunnel which was part of the Monastero Hydroelectric Tunnel; the client was the Italian State Railways.  The section of the tunnel constructed by us was 7000 m long, plus three access-adits (1000 m long).  The main tunnel (7000 m long) had a circular shape, and an internal diameter of 7 m; the cross section was 54 m2.  The area where the work was carried out is named "Linea del Tonale" (Tonale line) and it is characterized by very bad geological conditions.