Title:
Headed Studs in Concrete: State of the Art
Author(s):
Amin Ghali and Samer A. Youakim
Publication:
Structural Journal
Volume:
102
Issue:
5
Appears on pages(s):
657-667
Keywords:
anchorage; development length; stirrups; studs; reinforcement
DOI:
10.14359/14661
Date:
9/1/2005
Abstract:
The use of headed studs is proposed for several practical applications instead of conventional reinforcing bars anchored by hooks and bends. The main advantages are: simpler installation and less congestion of reinforcement and more effective anchorage. Experiments simulating the applications are discussed. Design recommendations are given. The paper discusses applications of headed studs in slabs and footings, beams with thin webs, crossties in columns and walls, precast beams, deep beams and pile caps, and in beam-column joints. Use of a headed bar, as opposed to a bar with a hook, is advantageous in applications where there is demand for the yield strength at a section of the bar close to its end.