Title:
Concrete with Paper Industry Fibrous Residuals: Mixture Proportioning
Author(s):
Yoon-moon Chun and Tarun R. Naik
Publication:
Materials Journal
Volume:
102
Issue:
4
Appears on pages(s):
237-243
Keywords:
compressive strength; concrete; fibers
DOI:
10.14359/14616
Date:
7/1/2005
Abstract:
Seven sources of fibrous residuals generated from pulp and paper mills were characterized and added in concrete. The addition of the residuals increased the water demand, and decreased the density and compressive strength of the concrete. The use of high-range water-reducing admixture (HRWRA) reversed these trends. It was found that the strength of the concrete was proportional to the density of concrete for various combinations of residual and HRWRA contents. By keeping the combined volume of mixing water, residual, and HRWRA constant, concrete mixtures containing up to 0.65% fibrous residuals (by mass of concrete) were produced equal in density, slump, and strength to a reference concrete made without the residuals. The HRWRA demand increased in proportion to the amount of wood cellulose fibers in concrete to achieve a slump of approximately 100 mm. Later, the mixture proportions thus established formed the basis for producing equivalent-strength concrete mixtures for the comparison of the durability of concrete made with or without the fibrous residuals.