Title:
Abrasion Resistance of Concrete with Different Mixture Compositions at Cold Curing Temperatures
Author(s):
Sara Seyedfarizani, Basem H. AbdelAleem, and Assem A. A. Hassan
Publication:
Materials Journal
Volume:
119
Issue:
3
Appears on pages(s):
235-246
Keywords:
abrasion resistance; cold curing conditions; fiber-reinforced concrete; mechanical properties; supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs)
DOI:
10.14359/51734619
Date:
5/1/2022
Abstract:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of different curing conditions/temperatures on the compressive strength, flexural strength (FS), modulus of elasticity (ME), and abrasion resistance of
concrete developed with different mixture compositions. The studied parameters included different water-binder ratios (w/b) (0.4 and 0.55), different coarse-to-fine aggregate ratios (C/F) (0.7 and 1.2), addition of steel fibers (SFs), and different supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) (metakaolin [MK] and silica fume [SLF]). The developed mixtures were cured at four different curing conditions: moist curing (C1); air curing (C2); and cold curing, including +5°C curing (C3) and –10°C curing conditions (C4). The results indicated that the effect of curing concrete samples at cold curing conditions was more pronounced on FS results compared to all other mechanical properties results, in which the FS reduced by 23% and 41% at +5°C and –10°C curing conditions, respectively, compared to at the moist-curing condition. Despite the considerable enhancement in the mechanical properties and abrasion resistance when SFs or SCMs were used in the mixtures, cold curing of mixtures with SCMs or SFs significantly reduced this enhancement. The results also revealed that the rotating-cutter test results of the mixture with SFs were more affected by cold curing conditions than the sandblasting test results.
Related References:
1. ACI Committee 306, “Cold Weather Concreting (ACI 306R-88) (Reapproved 2002),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1988, 27 pp.
2. Wilson, M. L., and Kosmatka, S. H., Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures, 15th edition, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, 2011, 444 pp.
3. Ridgley, K. E.; Abouhussien, A. A.; Hassan, A. A. A.; and Colbourne, B., “Characterisation of Damage due to Abrasion in SCC by Acoustic Emission Analysis,” Magazine of Concrete Research, V. 71, No. 2, Jan. 2019, pp. 85-94. doi: 10.1680/jmacr.17.00445
4. Sonebi, M., and Khayat, K. H., “Effect of Free-Fall Height in Water on Performance of Highly Flowable Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 98, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 2001, pp. 72-78.
5. Papenfus, N., “Applying Concrete Technology to Abrasion Resistance,” Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Concrete Block Paving (PAVE AFRICA 2003), Sun City, South Africa, Oct. 2003, 11 pp.
6. Turk, K., and Karatas, M., “Abrasion Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete with Different Dosages of Fly Ash/Silica Fume,” Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, V. 18, Feb. 2011, pp. 49-60.
7. Shurpali, A. A.; Edwards, J. R.; Kernes, R. G.; Lange, D. A.; and Barkan, C. P. L., “Improving the Abrasion Resistance of Concrete to Mitigate Concrete Crosstie Rail Seat Deterioration (RSD),” Materials Performance and Characterization, V. 6, No. 1, 2017, pp. 521-534. doi: 10.1520/MPC20170051
8. Ismail, M. K.; Hassan, A. A. A.; and Lachemi, M., “Abrasion Resistance of Self-Consolidating Engineered Cementitious Composites Developed with Different Mixture Compositions,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 116, No. 1, Jan. 2019, pp. 27-38. doi: 10.14359/51712239
9. Ismail, M. K., and Hassan, A. A. A., “Abrasion and Impact Resistance of Concrete Before and After Exposure to Freezing and Thawing Cycles,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 215, Aug. 2019, pp. 849-861. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.206
10. Kılıç, A.; Atiş, C. D.; Teymen, A.; Karahan, O.; Özcan, F.; Bilim, C.; and Özdemir, M., “The Influence of Aggregate Type on the Strength and Abrasion Resistance of High Strength Concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 30, No. 4, Apr. 2008, pp. 290-296. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2007.05.011
11. Laplante, P.; Aitcin, P.-C.; and Vézina, D., “Abrasion Resistance of Concrete,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, V. 3, No. 1, Feb. 1991, pp. 19-28. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1991)3:1(19)
12. Zaki, R. A.; AbdelAleem, B. H.; Hassan, A. A. A.; and Colbourne, B., “The Interplay of Abrasion, Impact and Salt Scaling Damage in Fibre-Reinforced Concrete,” Magazine of Concrete Research, V. 73, No. 4, Feb. 2021, pp. 204-216. doi: 10.1680/jmacr.19.00208
13. Adewuyi, A. P.; Sulaiman, I. A.; and Akinyele, J. O., “Compressive Strength and Abrasion Resistance of Concretes under Varying Exposure Conditions,” Open Journal of Civil Engineering, V. 7, No. 1, Mar. 2017, pp. 82-99. doi: 10.4236/ojce.2017.71005
14. Rashad, A. M., “A Preliminary Study on the Effect of Fine Aggregate Replacement with Metakaolin on Strength and Abrasion Resistance of Concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 44, July 2013, pp. 487-495. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.03.038
15. Abouhussien, A. A., and Hassan, A. A. A., “Optimizing the Durability and Service Life of Self-Consolidating Concrete Containing Metakaolin Using Statistical Analysis,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 76, Feb. 2015, pp. 297-306. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.12.010
16. Ismail, M. K., and Hassan, A. A. A., “Use of Metakaolin on Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Self-Consolidating Concrete Containing High Percentages of Crumb Rubber,” Journal of Cleaner Production, V. 125, July 2016, pp. 282-295. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.044
17. Ismail, M. K., and Hassan, A. A. A., “Impact Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Self-Consolidating Rubberized Concrete Reinforced with Steel Fibers,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, V. 29, No. 1, Jan. 2017, p. 04016193. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001731
18. Afroughsabet, V.; Biolzi, L.; and Ozbakkaloglu, T., “Influence of Double Hooked-End Steel Fibers and Slag on Mechanical and Durability Properties of High Performance Recycled Aggregate Concrete,” Composite Structures, V. 181, Dec. 2017, pp. 273-284. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.08.086
19. Alavi Nia, A.; Hedayatian, M.; Nili, M.; and Afrough Sabet, V., “An Experimental and Numerical Study on How Steel and Polypropylene Fibers Affect the Impact Resistance in Fiber-Reinforced Concrete,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, V. 46, Aug. 2012, pp. 62-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.01.009
20. Zaki, R. A.; AbdelAleem, B. H.; Hassan, A. A. A.; and Colbourne, B., “Impact Resistance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete in Cold Temperatures,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 122, Sept. 2021, Article No. 104116. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104116
21. Olivito, R. S., and Zuccarello, F. A., “An Experimental Study on the Tensile Strength of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete,” Composites Part B: Engineering, V. 41, No. 3, Apr. 2010, pp. 246-255. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2009.12.003
22. Khaloo, A.; Molaei Raisi, E.; Hosseini, P.; and Tahsiri, H., “Mechanical Performance of Self-Compacting Concrete Reinforced with Steel Fibers,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 51, Jan. 2014, pp. 179-186. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.10.054
23. ASTM C150/C150M-12, “Standard Specification for Portland Cement,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012, 9 pp.
24. ASTM C618-12, “Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012, 3 pp.
25. ASTM C1240-12, “Standard Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012, 7 pp.
26. ASTM C494/C494M-13, “Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2013, 10 pp.
27. European Federation for Specialist Construction Chemicals and Concrete Systems, “The European Guidelines for Self-Compacting Concrete: Specification, Production and Use,” EFNARC, Norfolk, UK, May 2005, 68 pp.
28. ASTM C39/C39M-11, “Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011, 7 pp.
29. ASTM C469/C469M-10, “Standard Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson’s Ratio of Concrete in Compression,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2010, 5 pp.
30. ASTM C78/C78M-10, “Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading),” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2010, 4 pp.
31. ASTM C944/C944M-12, “Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete or Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter Method,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012, 5 pp.
32. ASTM C418-12, “Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by Sandblasting,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012, 4 pp.
33. CAN/CSA A23.3-04, “Design of Concrete Structures (Reapproved 2010),” CSA Group, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2004, 352 pp.
34. EN 1992-1-1:2004, “Eurocode 2: “Design of Concrete Structures – Part 1–1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings,” European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium, 2005, 227 pp.