International Concrete Abstracts Portal

  

Related References:

AASHTO, 2018, “AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications for GFRP-Reinforced Concrete,” second edition, American Society of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, 121 pp.

ACI Committee 318, 2019, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) and Commentary (ACI 318R-19) (Reapproved 2022),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 624 pp.

ACI Committee 440, 2015, “Guide for the Design and Construction of Structural Concrete Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars (ACI 440.1R-15),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 88 pp.

ACI Committee 440, 2022, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete Reinforced with Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Bars—Code and Commentary (ACI CODE-440.11-22),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 260 pp.

Ahmed, E. A.; El-Salakawy, E.; and Benmokrane, B., 2010b, “Performance Evaluation of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Shear Reinforcement for Concrete Beams,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 107, No. 1, Jan.-Feb., pp. 53-61.

Ahmed, E. A.; El-Salakawy, E. F.; and Benmokrane, B., 2010c, “Shear Performance of RC Bridge Girders Reinforced with Carbon FRP Stirrups,” Journal of Bridge Engineering, ASCE, V. 15, No. 1, pp. 44-54. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000035

Ahmed, E. A.; El-Sayed, A. K.; El-Salakawy, E.; and Benmokrane, B., 2010a, “Bend Strength of FRP Stirrups: Comparison and Evaluation of Testing Methods,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 14, No. 1, pp. 3-10. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000050

Al-Hamrani, W., and Alnahhal, W., 2021, “Shear Behavior of Basalt FRC Beams Reinforced with Basalt FRP Bars and Glass FRP stirrups: Experimental and Analytical Investigations,” Engineering Structures, V. 242, p. 112612. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112612

Al-Quraishi, H.; Lafta, M. J.; and Abdulridha, A. A., 2018, “Direct Shear Behavior of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Elements,” Journal of Engineering, V. 24, No. 1, pp. 231-248. doi: 10.31026/j.eng.2018.01.16

Alguhi, H., and Tomlinson, D., 2021, “One-Way Shear Strength of FRP-Reinforced Concrete Members without Stirrups: Design Provision Review,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 25, No. 3, p. 04021016. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0001125

Andermatt, M. F., and Lubell, A. S., 2010, “Concrete Deep Beams Reinforced with Internal FRP,” Structural Engineering Report No. 291, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Andermatt, M. F., and Lubell, A. S., 2013, “Strength Modeling of Concrete Deep Beams Reinforced with Internal Fiber-Reinforced Polymer,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 110, No. 4, July-Aug., pp. 595-605.

ASCE-ACI Committee 445, 1998, “Recent Approaches to Shear Design of Structural Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 124, No. 12, pp. 1375-1417. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:12(1375)

Ashour, A. F., 2006, “Flexural and Shear Capacities of Concrete Beams Reinforced with GFRP Bars,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 20, No. 10, pp. 1005-1015. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.06.023

Ashour, A. F., and Kara, I. F., 2014, “Size Effect on Shear Strength of FRP Reinforced Concrete Beams,” Composites, Part B: Engineering, V. 60, pp. 612-620. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.12.002

Baumann, T., and Rüsch, H., 1970, “Tests on Dowelling Action of Flexural Reinforcement of Reinforced Concrete Beams,” Deutscher Ausscuss für Stahlbeton, V. 210, pp. 42-83.

Bažant, Z. P., and Kazemi, M. T., 1991, “Size Effect on Diagonal Shear Failure of Beams without Stirrups,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 88, No. 3, May-June, pp. 268-276.

Bažant, Z. P., and Yu, Q., 2007, “Consequences of Ignoring or Mis-Judging the Size Effect in Concrete Design Codes and Practice,” Concrete Technology, V. 1, No. 1, pp. 29-55.

Benmokrane, B.; El-Salakawy, E.; El-Ragaby, A.; and El-Gamal, S., 2007, “Performance Evaluation of Innovative Concrete Bridge Deck Slabs Reinforced with Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Bars,” Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, V. 34, No. 3, pp. 298-310. doi: 10.1139/l06-173

Bentz, E. C.; Massam, L.; and Collins, M. P., 2010, “Shear Strength of Large Concrete Members with FRP Reinforcement,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 14, No. 6, pp. 637-646. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000108

Bielak, J., 2023, “On the Role of Dowel Action in Shear Transfer of CFRP Textile-Reinforced Concrete Slabs,” Composite Structures, V. 311, p. 116812. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.116812

Cadenazzi, T.; Dotelli, G.; Rossini, M.; Nolan, S.; and Nanni, A., 2019, “Life-Cycle Cost and Life-Cycle Assessment Analysis at the Design Stage of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Concrete Bridge in Florida,” Advances in Civil Engineering Materials, V. 8, No. 2, pp. 128-151. doi: 10.1520/ACEM20180113

Campana, S.; Fernández Ruiz, M.; Anastasi, A.; and Muttoni, A., 2013, “Analysis of Shear-Transfer Actions on One-Way RC Members Based on Measured Cracking Pattern and Failure Kinematics,” Magazine of Concrete Research, V. 65, No. 6, pp. 386-404. doi: 10.1680/macr.12.00142

CAN/CSA A23.3-19, 2019, “Design of Concrete Structures,” CSA Group, Toronto, ON, Canada.

CAN/CSA S6-19, 2019, “Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code,” CSA Group, Toronto, ON, Canada.

CAN/CSA S806-12, 2012, “Design and Construction of Building Components with Fiber Reinforced Polymers,” CSA Group, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Cavagnis, F.; Fernández Ruiz, M.; and Muttoni, A., 2018, “An Analysis of the Shear‐Transfer Actions in Reinforced Concrete Members without Transverse Reinforcement Based on Refined Experimental Measurements,” Structural Concrete, V. 19, No. 1, pp. 49-64. doi: 10.1002/suco.201700145

Chen, C.; Li, C.; Zhou, Y.; Sui, L.; and Li, X., 2022, “Applying Flax FRP in an Innovative Closed-Shape Stirrup for Concrete Beams,” Materials, V. 15, No. 8, p. 2927. doi: 10.3390/ma15082927

Chen, H.; Yi, W. J.; and Ma, Z. J., 2019, “Shear Size Effect in Simply Supported RC Deep Beams,” Engineering Structures, V. 182, pp. 268-278. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.062

Cholostiakow, S.; Di Benedetti, M.; Guadagnini, M.; and Zappa, E., 2018, “Size Effect in FRP RC Beams with and without Shear Reinforcement,” The 13th International Symposium on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, SP-327, ACI Committee 440, R. El-Hacha, L. (D.) Cheng, M. Lopez de Murphy, and W. J. Gold, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, pp. 27.1-27.20.

Collins, M. P., and Mitchell, D., 1991, Prestressed Concrete Structures, V. 9, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.

Connor, A. B., and Kim, Y. H., 2016, “Shear Transfer Mechanisms for Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 113, No. 6, Nov.-Dec., pp. 1369-1380.

Costa, G.; Campos, C. M.; Martha, L. F.; and Cardoso, D. C., 2025, “Novel Multiaction Model for Shear Strength Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Beams: Development and Application to Elements with FRP Bars and FRC,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 29, No. 1, p. 04024092. doi: 10.1061/JCCOF2.CCENG-4880

Daoud, O., and Fadul, A., 2021, “Shear Behavior in Beams Reinforced with Glass-Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars (GFRPB) without Stirrups,” FES Journal of Engineering Sciences, V. 9, No. 1, pp. 72-78. doi: 10.52981/fjes.v9i1.661

Duarte, I. O.; Forti, N. C. D. S.; Pimentel, L. L.; and Jacintho, A. E. P. G. A., 2024, “A Study of the Shear Behavior of Concrete Beams with Synthetic Fibers Reinforced with Glass and Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars,” Buildings, V. 14, No. 7, p. 2123. doi: 10.3390/buildings14072123

El-Sayed, A. K.; El-Salakawy, E. F.; and Benmokrane, B., 2005, “Shear Strength of One-Way Concrete Slabs Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Bars,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 9, No. 2, pp. 147-157. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:2(147)

El-Sayed, A. K.; El-Salakawy, E. F.; and Benmokrane, B., 2007, “Mechanical and Structural Characterization of New Carbon FRP Stirrups for Concrete Members,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 11, No. 4, pp. 352-362. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2007)11:4(352)

El-Sayed, A. K.; Hussain, R. R.; and Shuraim, A. B., 2016, “Influence of Stirrup Corrosion on Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Slender Beams,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 113, No. 6, Nov.-Dec., pp. 1223-1232.

El-Sayed, A. K., and Soudki, K., 2011, “Evaluation of Shear Design Equations of Concrete Beams with FRP reinforcement,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 15, No. 1, pp. 9-20. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000158

Fan, X.; Zhou, Z.; Tu, W.; and Zhang, M., 2021, “Shear Behaviour of Inorganic Polymer Concrete Beams Reinforced with Basalt FRP Bars and Stirrups,” Composite Structures, V. 255, p. 112901. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112901

Fernández Ruiz, M.; Muttoni, A.; and Sagaseta, J., 2015, “Shear Strength of Concrete Members without Transverse Reinforcement: A Mechanical Approach to Consistently Account for Size and Strain Effects,” Engineering Structures, V. 99, pp. 360-372. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.05.007

Herbrand, M., 2017, “Shear Strength Models for Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Members,” PhD dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.

Hordijk, D. A., 1992, “Tensile and Tensile Fatigue Behaviour of Concrete; Experiments, Modelling and Analyses,” Heron, V. 37, No. 1, 79 pp.

Hossain, F. M. Z.; Pal, A.; Ahmed, K. S.; Bediwy, A.; and Alam, M. S., 2023, “Shear Behavior of polypropylene fiber-reinforced Concrete Beams Containing Recycled Aggregate and Crumb Rubber,” Journal of Cleaner Production, V. 412, p. 137370. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137370

Hoult, N.; Sherwood, E.; Bentz, E. C.; and Collins, M. P., 2008, “Does the Use of FRP Reinforcement Change the One-Way Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Slabs?” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 12, No. 2, pp. 125-133. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2008)12:2(125)

Hu, B., and Wu, Y., 2017, “Quantification of Shear Cracking in Reinforced Concrete Beams,” Engineering Structures, V. 147, pp. 666-678. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.06.035

Huber, P.; Huber, T.; and Kollegger, J., 2016, “Investigation of the Shear Behavior of RC Beams on the Basis of Measured Crack Kinematics,” Engineering Structures, V. 113, pp. 41-58. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.01.025

Huber, T.; Huber, P.; and Kollegger, J., 2019, “Influence of Aggregate Interlock on the Shear Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Beams without Stirrups,” Engineering Structures, V. 186, pp. 26-42. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.01.074

Hussain, Z.; Ortiz, J. D.; Hosseini, S. A.; Benmokrane, B.; and Nanni, A., 2024, “Effect of GFRP stirrup confinement on the bond strength of GFRP-RC beams,” International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, V. 18, No. 1, p. 87. doi: 10.1186/s40069-024-00729-1

Ismail, K. S., 2016, “Shear Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams,” PhD dissertation, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

Issa, M. A.; Ovitigala, T.; and Ibrahim, M., 2016, “Shear Behavior of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams with and without Basalt FRP Stirrups,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 20, No. 4, p. 04015083. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000638

Jahanzaib, and Sheikh, S. A., 2024, “Theoretical Model for Calculating Shear Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Reinforced Concrete Beams,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 121, No 5, Sept., pp. 51-64.

Jiang, X; Jin, L.; Lu, K.; and Du, X., 2023, “Experimental and Numerical Tests on Shear Failure and Size Effect of CFRP-Wrapped RC Beams without Stirrups: Influence of the Shear-Span Ratio,” Engineering Structures, V. 288, p. 116219. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116219

Jumaa, G. B., and Yousif, A. R., 2019, “Size Effect on the Shear Failure of High-Strength Concrete Beams Reinforced with Basalt FRP Bars and Stirrups,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 209, pp. 77-94. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.076

Kani, G. N. J., 1964, “The Riddle of Shear Failure and Its Solution,” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 61, No. 4, Apr., pp. 441-468.

Kani, G. N. J., 1967, “How Safe Are Our Large Reinforced Concrete Beams?” ACI Journal Proceedings, V. 64, No. 3, Mar., pp. 128-141.

Kani, G., 1979, Kani on Shear in Reinforced Concrete, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 225 pp.

Karayannis, C. G., and Chalioris, C. E., 2013, “Shear Tests of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Continuous Rectangular Spiral Reinforcement,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 46, No. 9, pp. 86-97. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.04.023

Kaszubska, M.; Kotynia, R.; Barros, J. A. O.; and Baghi, H., 2018, “Shear Behavior of Concrete Beams Reinforced Exclusively with Longitudinal Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars: Experimental Research,” Structural Concrete, V. 19, No. 1, pp. 152-161. doi: 10.1002/suco.201700174

Kim, W., and White, R. N., 1999, “Shear-Critical Cracking in Slender Reinforced Concrete Beams,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 96, No. 5, Sept.-Oct., pp. 757-765.

Kong, P. Y. L., and Rangan, B. V., 1998, “Shear Strength of High-Performance Concrete Beams,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 95, No. 6, Nov.-Dec., pp. 667-677.

Krall, M., and Polak, M. A., 2019, “Concrete Beams with Different Arrangements of GFRP Flexural and Shear Reinforcement,” Engineering Structures, V. 198, p. 109333. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109333

Lafta, Y. J., and Ye, K., 2016, “Specification of Deep Beams Affect the Shear Strength Capacity,” Civil and Environmental Research, V. 8, No. 2, pp. 56-68.

Leonhardt, F., and Walther, R., 1962, “Shear Tests on Beams with and without Shear Reinforcement,” Deutscher Ausschuss für Stahlbeton, V. 151, No. 151, p. 83.

Li, W.; Huang, W.; Fang, Y.; Zhang, K.; Liu, Z.; and Kong, Z., 2022, “Experimental and Theoretical Analysis on Shear Behavior of RC Beams Reinforced with GFRP Stirrups,” Structures, V. 46, pp. 1753-1763. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.10.138

Li, W., and Leung, C. K., 2016, “Shear Span-Depth Ratio Effect on Behavior of RC Beam Shear Strengthened with Full-Wrapping FRP Strip,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 20, No. 3, p. 04015067. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000627

Liang, J.; Peng, J.; and Ren, R., 2023, “A State-of-the-Art Review: Shear Performance of Concrete Beams Reinforced with FRP Bars,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 364, p. 129996. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129996

Liao, B.; Du, Y.; Zhou, R.; Rahman, M. Z.; and Zhu, D., 2024, “Shear Behavior of Seawater–Sea Sand Concrete Beams Reinforced with BFRP Bars and Stirrups,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 28, No. 2, p. 04023077. doi: 10.1061/JCCOF2.CCENG-4332

Lu, Z. H.; Ou, Y. B.; Zhao, Y. G.; and Li, C. Q., 2016, “Investigation of Corrosion of Steel Stirrups in Reinforced Concrete Structures,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 127, pp. 293-305. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.128

Maranan, G. B.; Manalo, A. C.; Benmokrane, B.; Karunasena, W.; and Mendis, P., 2017, “Shear Behavior of Geopolymer Concrete Beams Reinforced with GFRP Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 114, No. 2, Mar.-Apr., pp. 337-348.

Maranan, G. B.; Manalo, A. C.; Benmokrane, B.; Karunasena, W.; Mendis, P.; and Nguyen, T. Q., 2018, “Shear Behaviour of Geopolymer-Concrete Beams Transversely Reinforced with Continuous Rectangular Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Spirals,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 22, No. 6, pp. 454-465.

Marí, A.; Bairán, J.; Cladera, A.; Oller, E.; and Ribas, C., 2015, “Shear-Flexural Strength Mechanical Model for the Design and Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Beams,” Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, V. 11, No. 11, pp. 1399-1419. doi: 10.1080/15732479.2014.964735

Matta, F.; El-Sayed, A. K.; Nanni, A.; and Benmokrane, B., 2013, “Size Effect on Concrete Shear Strength in Beams Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 110, No. 4, July-Aug., pp. 617-628.

Mistretta, F.; Puppio, M. L.; Camata, G.; and Nanni, A., 2023, “Analytical and Experimental Shear Evaluation of GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Beams,” Materials and Structures, V. 56, No. 10, p. 173. doi: 10.1617/s11527-023-02256-z

Mofidi, A.; Chaallal, O.; Benmokrane, B.; and Neale, K., 2012, “Experimental Tests and Design Model for RC Beams Strengthened in Shear Using the Embedded Through-Section FRP Method,” Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, V. 16, No. 5, Sept.-Oct., pp. 540-550. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000292

Nakamura, H.; Iwamoto, T.; Fu, L.; Yamamoto, Y.; Miura, T.; and Gedik, Y. H., 2018, “Shear Resistance Mechanism Evaluation of RC Beams Based on Arch and Beam Actions,” Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, V. 16, No. 11, pp. 563-576. doi: 10.3151/jact.16.563

Nanni, A., 2003, “North American Design Guidelines for Concrete Reinforcement and Strengthening using FRP: Principles, Applications, and Unresolved issues,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 17, No. 6-7, pp. 439-446. doi: 10.1016/S0950-0618(03)00042-4

Nguyen, P. D., and Dang, V. H., 2025, “Shear Strength of FRP-Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams: Extension of Beam and Arch Action Model Based on Data-Driven Analysis,” Structures, V. 74, p. 108553. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108553

Niwa, J.; Choi, I. C.; Mishima, T.; and Suzuki, A., 1996, “Evaluation of Shear Carrying Capacity of Concrete Beams Reinforced with FRP Rods by the Lattice Model,” Doboku Gakkai Rombunshuu, V. 1996, No. 538, pp. 105-114. doi: 10.2208/jscej.1996.538_105

Olalusi, O. B., 2019, “Present State of Eurocode 2 Variable Strut Inclination Method for Shear Design and Possible Improvement,” Structures, V. 19, pp. 48-57. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2018.11.016

Oller, E.; Marí, A.; Bairán, J. M.; and Cladera, A., 2015, “Shear Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams with FRP Longitudinal and Transverse Reinforcement,” Composites, Part B: Engineering, V. 74, pp. 104-122. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.12.031

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