Title: ACI PRC-221-25: Use of Normalweight and Heavyweight Aggregates in Concrete—Guide

Author(s): ACI Committee 221

Document Type: Practices (guides & reports)

Date: June 2025

Abstract:
This guide presents information on selection and use of normalweight and heavyweight aggregates in concrete. The selection and use of aggregates in concrete should be based on technical criteria as well as economic considerations and knowledge of types of aggregates generally available in the area of construction. The properties of aggregates and their processing and handling influence the properties of both fresh and hardened concrete. The effectiveness of processing, stockpiling, and aggregate qualitFy control procedures will affect batch-to-batch and day-to-day variation in the properties of concrete. Aggregates that do not comply with the specification requirements may be suitable for use if the properties of the concrete using these aggregates are acceptable, as per Chapter 6. Materials that can be recycled or produced from waste products are potential sources of concrete aggregates; however, special evaluation may be necessary. Keywords: alkali-silica reaction (ASR); attached mortar; characterization; durability; field performance; fresh concrete; hardened concrete; heavyweight aggregate; normalweight aggregate; quality control; recycled aggregate; specific gravity.