Title:
A Comparison of Freezing and Thawing Durability of Non-Air Entrained Concrete Pavers Under ASTM C 67 and ASTM C 666
Author(s):
Nader Ghafoori and Richard Mathis
Publication:
Materials Journal
Volume:
94
Issue:
4
Appears on pages(s):
311-331
Keywords:
pavers; freeze-thaw cycle;
DOI:
10.14359/316
Date:
7/1/1997
Abstract:
ASTM C 936 currently evaluates the resistance to freezing and thawing of paving blocks by either historical performance in the field or by an accelerated laboratory test found in ASTM C 67. Criticisms have been raised by both paver manufacturers and private agencies regarding the ability of this procedure to adequately simulate the exposure conditions to which block pavements may encounter. This paper attempts to address these concerns by comparing the performance of concrete pavers tested under ASTM C 67 conditions to that of the most widely used freezing and thawing standard for concrete products, ASTM C 666. A comparison of the test results revealed significant variation in the amount and rate of deterioration, and the mode of failure. Disparities were also observed between the two tests regarding the minimum cement content and bulk properties necessary for adequate resistance within each freezing and thawing regimen. In addition, the strength and absorption properties of frost resistant pavers were not in agreement with the requirements of ASTM C 936. Based on the results of this study, the development of a new freezing and thawing procedure, devised specifically for concrete paving units, appears warranted.