Title: Seismic Retrofit of Bridge Foundations

Author(s): Sam X. Yao and Patrick E. Durnal

Publication: Concrete International

Volume: 26

Issue: 9

Appears on pages(s): 45-49

Keywords: Bell footing; pile; pile cap; underwater; tremie

DOI:

Date: 9/1/2004

Abstract:
Following the Loma Prieta and Northridge earthquakes, the State of California initiated a seismic vulnerability assessment of the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. Seismic retrofit of the bridge foundation presented tremendous engineering challenges due to the high seismic load demands, varying geotechnical conditions, and adverse construction environment in swift and deep water. The retrofit design incorporated a number of steel-concrete composite solutions to achieve the seismic performance and constructability required for the bridge.