Title:
Preferable Use of Hybrid Cement in Concrete Intended for Industrial Applications
Author(s):
I. Janotka, P. Martauz and Michal Bačuvčík
Publication:
Symposium Paper
Volume:
320
Issue:
Appears on pages(s):
2.1-2.14
Keywords:
alkali-silica reaction, concrete, hybrid cement; strength, shrinkage
DOI:
10.14359/51701040
Date:
8/1/2017
Abstract:
Important properties of the novel hybrid cement, H-Cement, are due to the use of fly ash, metallurgical slag, alkaline waste water from red mud deposits and ordinary portland clinker. H-Cement saves around 80 % of CO2 emissions compared to ordinary portland cement (OPC) production and enables effective recovery and safe disposal of industrial wastes. H-Cement is suitable for the preparation of ready-mixed
concretes of strength classes between C8/10 (1160/1450 psi) and C30/37 (4350/5370 psi) and as a shrinkage reducing and alkali-silica reaction (ASR)-mitigation agent. This cement provides a slight expansion-reducing effect in permanent water curing at 20 °C (68 °F) and an evident shrinkage-reducing effect in permanent dry curing at 20 °C (68 °F) / 60 % R. H. and 40 °C (104 °F) / 15 % R. H. -air relative to OPC. The ASR is suppressed at 20 °C (68 °F) and 40 °C (104 °F) / 100 % R. H. -air cure.
Related References:
1. Schneider, M. 2011. CO2-Minderung Weltweite Anforderungen, Proceedings of Technisch Wissenschaftliche- Zementtagung, Düsseldorf, Germany 28 September 2011, 1-27.
2. Gartner, E. 2004. Industrially interesting approaches to “low-CO2” cements, Cement and Concrete Research, 34(9), 1489-1498.
3. Palomo, A., Krivenko, P., García-Lodeiro, I., Kavalerova, E., Maltseva, O, and A. Fernández-Jimenénez, A. 2014. A review on alkaline activation: new analytical perspectives, Materiales de Construcción, 64(315), e022.
4. García-Lodeiro, I., Maltseva, O., Palomo, A., and Fernández-Jiménez, A. 2012. Hybrid alkaline cements. Part I: Fundamentals, Roman Journal of Materials, 42(4), 330-335.
5. Palomo, A., Maltseva, O., García-Lodeiro I, and Fernández-Jiménez, A. 2013. Hybrid alkaline cements. Part II: The clinker factor, Roman Journal of Materials, 43 (1), 74-80.
6. Fernández-Jiménez, A., García-Lodeiro, I., Donatello, S., Maltseva, O., and Palomo, A., 2014. Specific examples of hybrid alkaline cements, MATEC Web of Conferences, International Congress on Materials and Structural Stability, Article number 01001, 3p.
7. Bo Qu, Martin, A., Pastor, J. Y., Palomo, A., and Fernandéz-Jimenéz, A. 2016. Characterization of preindustrial hybrid cement and effect of pre-curing temperature, Cement and Concrete Composites, 73 (10), 281-288.
8. Strigác, J., and Martauz, P., 2012. Combined binder on the base of wastes, Patent application SK, PP 50024.
9. Janotka, I., Bacuvcík, M., Martauz P, and Strigác, J. 2014. Chemical resistance of novel hybrid cement in various aggressive solutions, Proceedings of RILEM International Workshop on Performance-based Specification and Control of Concrete Durability, Zagreb, Croatia, Article number ID006, 17-24.
10. Certificate of Conformity, H-CEMENT No. SK04-ZSV-1800, TSÚS Bratislava, 2013.
11. SK - Technical Assessment, H-CEMENT No. TO-13/0074, TSÚS, Bratislava, 2013.
12. STN EN 197-1: 2012 Cement. Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements.
13. STN EN 12620 + A1: 2008 Aggregates for concrete.
14. STN 72 1179: 2014 Determination of the alkali-silica expansion (alkali-silica reaction).
15. STN EN 12390-2: 2010 Testing hardened concrete. Part 2: Making and curing specimens for strength tests.
16. STN EN 196-2: 2013 Methods of testing cement. Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement.
17. STN EN 196-3+A1: 2009 Methods of testing cement. Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness.
18. STN EN 196-8: 2010 Methods of testing cement. Part 8: Heat of hydration. Solution method.
19. STN EN 196-1: 2016 Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength.
20. STN EN 12350-2: 2010 Testing fresh concrete. Part 2: Slump-test.
21. STN EN 12350-6: 2011 Testing fresh concrete. Part 6: Density.
22. STN EN 12350-7: 2011 Testing fresh concrete. Part 7: Air content. Pressure methods.
23. STN EN 12390-3/AC: 2010 Testing hardened concrete. Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens.
24. STN ISO 6784: 1993 Concrete. Determination of static modulus of elasticity in compression.
25. STN 73 1371: 1981 Method of ultrasonic pulse testing of concrete.
26. STN EN 206: 2015 Concrete. Specification, performance, production and conformity
27. STN 73 1320: 1987 Determination of volume changes of concrete.