ACI PRC-238.1-26: Measurements of Workability and Rheology of Fresh Concrete—Report

ACI PRC-238.1-26: Measurements of Workability and Rheology of Fresh Concrete—Report

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Description

This report presents insights related to the understanding of a workable concrete for a given application, and consists of four main parts: 1) definitions related to rheology and workability; 2) critical review of the tests available to measure different aspects of workability and rheological performance of fresh concrete; 3) discussion of the factors affecting the performance of fresh concrete; and 4) examples that illustrate the application of rheology and material science to predict or improve the performance of fresh concrete in the field.

Adequate workability can range from no flow (zero-slump) to liquid flow-like (self-consolidating concrete), depending on the application.

Keywords:

fresh concrete; measuring; rheology; slump; testing; workability.

 

Document Details

Author: ACI Committee 238

Publication Year: 2026

Pages: 98

ISBN: 9781641953665

Categories: Testing

Formats: Printed Document or Protected PDF/Web View

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE, p. 2

1.1—Introduction, p. 2

1.2—Scope, p. 2

CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS, p. 2

2.1—Notation, p. 2

2.2—Definitions, p. 3

2.3—Flow curves, p. 3

CHAPTER 3—TEST METHODS, p. 4

3.1—Introduction, p. 4

3.2—Categorization of test methods, p. 5

3.3—Description of existing test methods, p. 6

3.4—Criteria for evaluating test methods, p. 47

CHAPTER 4—FACTORS AFFECTING WORKABILITY OF CONCRETE, p. 50

4.1—Introduction, p. 50

4.2—Effects of cement, p. 50

4.3—Effects of water-cementitious materials ratio (w/cm) and water content, p. 51

4.4—Effects of aggregates, p. 51

4.5—Effects of chemical admixtures, p. 52

4.6—Effects of supplementary cementitious materials, p. 55

4.7—Effect of mixing procedure p. 56

4.8—Effects of temperature and time, p. 57

CHAPTER 5—EXAMPLES OF SUCCESSFUL USE OF TEST METHODS FOR EVALUATING WORKABILITY OF CONCRETE, p. 59

5.1—Example 1: Use of gyratory tester to measure workability of no-slump concrete p. 59

5.2—Example 2: Measuring batch-to-batch consistency of self-consolidating concrete, p. 63

5.3—Example 3: Troubleshooting self-consolidating concrete mixtures, p. 64

5.4—Example 4: Use of rheological approach to optimize cement-based grout for underwater crack injection of damaged bridge, p. 68

5.5—Example 5: Use of rheological methods to predict pumping performance, p. 69

5.6—Example 6: Workability and rheology control to enhance bond strength of SCC with prestressing strands p. 72

5.7—Example 7: Using thixotropy for slip-form paving, p. 73

5.8—Example 8: Use of rheology control of suspending mortar to enhance fiber distribution of ultra-high-performance concrete or fiber-reinforced concrete p. 76

5.9—Example 9: To what degree dose slump affect the performance of underwater concrete?, p. 78

5.10—Example 10: Evaluation of self-leveling grouts for rehabilitation of submerged conduits, p. 81

5.11—Summary, p. 84

CHAPTER 6—REFERENCES, p. 84

Authored documents, p. 85

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