ACI PRC-212.3-16 Report on Chemical Admixtures for Concrete

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Description

This report reviews several categories and types of chemical admixtures and their use in unique concrete technologies. They are classified into 12 groups: air-entraining; normal, mid- and high-range water-reducing; accelerating; set-retarding; extended set-control; workability-retaining; viscosity- and rheology-modifying, shrinkage-reducing and shrinkage-compensating, and corrosion-inhibiting; lithium admixtures to reduce deleterious alkali-silica reaction; permeability-reducing; and miscellaneous.

Chemical admixtures are used on a daily basis in the cast-in-place and precast concrete industries. Mixture designs using multiple chemical admixtures are more common today. Their successful use requires compatibility, setting times, and early strengths that are appropriate to the placing environment.

Each category of admixture addresses common use and the potential benefits of a properly proportioned concrete mixture to various professionals, including the concrete contractor, concrete producer, and design professional. The sustainability of chemical admixtures and their role in sustainable construction is addressed. Finely divided mineral admixtures, such as fly ash or raw and processed natural pozzolans, are addressed in ACI 232.2R and ACI 232.1R, respectively.

Keywords: accelerating; admixture(s); admixture system; air-entraining; alkali-aggregate reaction; batching order; cold weather concrete; corrosion-inhibiting; extended set control; flowing concrete; high-range water-reducing admixture; mid-range water-reducing admixture; permeability-reducing admixtures; pervious concrete; self-consolidating concrete; set-retarding; rheology-modifying; shrinkage-reducing; water-reducing; viscosity-modifying; workability-retaining.

 

Document Details

Author: ACI Committee 212

Publication Year: 2016

Pages: 76

ISBN: 9781942727804

Categories: Admixtures

Formats: PDF or Kindle

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION

1.1—Introduction

1.2—Scope

CHAPTER 2—DEFINITIONS

2.1—Definitions

CHAPTER 3—GENERAL

3.1—Admixture benefits

3.2—Specifications for admixtures

3.3—Sampling and testing

3.4—Cost effectiveness

3.5—Selection and evaluation

3.6—Proportioning and batching

3.7—Batching order for adding chemical admixtures in concrete

3.8—Chapter reference chart

CHAPTER 4—SUSTAINABILITY

4.1—Sustainability of chemical admixtures

4.2—Use of chemical admixtures in sustainable construction

CHAPTER 5—AIR-ENTRAINING ADMIXTURES

5.1—Introduction

5.2—Materials for air entrainment

5.3—Mechanism of entrained air

5.4—Selection and evaluation

5.5—Applications

5.6—Dosage

5.7—Proportioning concrete

5.8—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

5.9—Effects on hardened concrete

5.10—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 6—NORMAL, MID-, AND HIGH-RANGE WATER-REDUCING ADMIXTURES

6.1—Introduction

6.2—Materials

6.3—Selection and evaluation

6.4—Applications

6.5—Dosage

6.6—Proportioning concrete

6.7—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

6.8—Effects on hardened concrete

6.9—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 7—ACCELERATING ADMIXTURES

7.1—Introduction

7.2—Materials

7.3—Selection and evaluation

7.4—Applications

7.5—Dosage and proportioning concrete

7.6—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

7.7—Effects on hardened concrete

7.8—Corrosion of metals

7.9—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 8—SET-RETARDING ADMIXTURES

8.1—Introduction

8.2—Materials

8.3—Selection and evaluation

8.4—Applications

8.5—Dosage

8.6—Proportioning concrete

8.7—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

8.8—Effects on hardened concrete

8.9—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 9—EXTENDED SET-CONTROL ADMIXTURES

9.1—Introduction

9.2—Materials

9.3—Selection and evaluation

9.4—Applications

9.5—Dosage and proportioning concrete

9.6—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

9.7—Effects on hardened concrete

9.8—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 10—WORKABILITY-RETAINING ADMIXTURES

10.1—Introduction

10.2—Materials

10.3—Dosage and effect on fresh and hardened concrete

10.4—Applications

10.5—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 11—VISCOSITY- AND RHEOLOGY-MODIFYING ADMIXTURES

11.1—Introduction

11.2—Materials

11.3—Selection and evaluation

11.4—Applications

11.5—Dosage and proportioning concrete

11.6—Effects of fresh and hardened concrete

11.7—Anti-washout admixtures

11.8—Rheology-modifying admixtures

11.9—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 12—SHRINKAGE-REDUCING AND SHRINKAGE-COMPENSATING ADMIXTURES

12.1—Introduction

12.2—Materials

12.3—Mode of action

12.4—Applications

12.5—Dosage and proportioning concrete

12.6—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

12.7—Effects on hardened concrete

12.8—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 13—CORROSION-INHIBITING ADMIXTURES

13.1—Introduction

13.2—Materials

13.3—Selection and evaluation

13.4—Applications

13.5—Dosage and proportioning concrete

13.6—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

13.7—Effects on hardened concrete

13.8—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 14—LITHIUM ADMIXTURES TO REDUCE DELETERIOUS EXPANSION FROM ALKALI-SILICA REACTION

14.1—Introduction

14.2—Materials

14.3—Mechanism

14.4—Dosage

14.5—Effects on concrete properties

14.6—Performance tests for effectiveness

14.6—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 15—PERMEABILITY-REDUCING ADMIXTURES

15.1—Introduction

15.2—Materials

15.3—Selection and evaluation

15.4—Applications

15.5—Dosage and proportioning concrete

15.6—Effects on fresh and hardened properties

15.7—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 16—MISCELLANEOUS ADMIXTURES

16.1—Bonding admixtures

16.2—Coloring admixtures

16.3—Flocculating admixtures

16.4—Fungicidal, germicidal, and insecticidal admixtures

16.5—Air-detraining admixtures

16.6—Expansive/gas forming admixtures

16.7—Admixtures for cellular concrete/flowable fill

16.8—Shotcrete admixtures

16.9—Admixtures for manufactured concrete products

CHAPTER 17—ADMIXTURES FOR FLOWING CONCRETE

17.1—Introduction

17.2—Materials

17.3—Selection and evaluation

17.4—Applications

17.5—Proportioning concrete

17.6—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

17.7—Effects on hardened concrete

17.8—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 18—ADMIXTURES FOR SELF-CONSOLIDATING CONCRETE (SCC)

18.1—Introduction

18.2—Materials for self-consolidating concrete admixtures

18.3—Selection and evaluation

18.4—Proportioning concrete

18.5—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

18.6—Effects on hardened concrete

18.7—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 19—ADMIXTURES FOR VERY COLD WEATHER CONCRETE

19.1—Introduction

19.2—Materials

19.3—Selection and evaluation

19.4—Proportioning concrete

19.5—Batching

19.6—Trial placement

19.7—Placing and finishing

19.8—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

19.9—Effects on hardened concrete

19.10—Quality assurance

19.11—Cost benefit

CHAPTER 20—ADMIXTURES FOR VERY-HIGH-EARLY-STRENGTH CONCRETE

20.1—Introduction

20.2—Materials for very-high-early-strength concrete

20.3—Selection and evaluation

20.4—Proportioning concrete

20.5—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

20.6—Effects on hardened concrete

20.7—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 21—ADMIXTURES FOR PERVIOUS CONCRETE

21.1—Introduction

21.2—Materials

21.3—Selection and evaluation

21.4—Applications

21.5—Proportioning

21.6—Effects on fresh and hardening concrete

21.7—Effects on hardened concrete

21.8—Quality assurance and batching

CHAPTER 22—REFERENCES

Authored documents

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