Title: The Effect of Alkalies in Portland Cement on the durability of Concrete

Author(s): Bailey Tremper

Publication: Journal Proceedings

Volume: 41

Issue: 11

Appears on pages(s): 89-104

Keywords: none

DOI: 10.14359/8678

Date: 11/1/1944

Abstract:
Field observations, now confirmed by laboratory tests, have demonstrated the reactive character concrete aggregates derived from lavas of the canic cone of Mt. Rainier, Wash. Deterioration been universal in concrete containing such agggates and high-alkali cement but when low-alk cements have been used structures are in excellent condition at ages up to I9 years. The rate of ret gression is dependent on the severity of climatic conditions. Disintegration of another type is progressing certain structures in eastern Washington. Reactivity of the aggregates used is not exhibited in the sealed can test but may be demonstrated by a combinati of moist storage followed by cycles of freezing thawing. The main, if not the sole factor influencing disintegration in this test is the content of kalies in the cement whether they are present initially or are added at the time of mixing. These results point to the need of limiting alkali content of cements for satisfactory use with many aggregates in Washington.