Title: Durability Properties and Deterioration of Concrete Facades Made of Insufficient Frost Resistant Concrete

Author(s): Jukka Lahdensivu, Hanna Tietäväinen, Pentti Pirinen

Publication: NCR

Volume: 44

Issue: 12

Appears on pages(s): 175-188

Keywords: Concrete facade, condition assessment, deterioration, frost damage, service life.

DOI:

Date: 12/15/2011

Abstract:
42.7 % of Finnish concrete facades have visual frost damage. 35.4 % of the damage is localized, and 7.3 % is wide spread. The same phenomena related to frost damage in concrete can be found also in thin-section analyses where incipient frost damage can be found, too. The durability properties related to frost resistance of concrete very rarely fulfil the requirements of Finnish national building codes. According to 2267 protective pore ratio tests, in approximately 70 % of existing concrete facades the protective pore ratio is less than 0.15. Frost damage of concrete has been found to be more common in coastal area than inland.