Title: The Impact of Particle Packing Techniques on Concrete and Binder Designs

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Publication: CIA

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Date: 2/28/2011

Abstract:
The use of particle packing theory and practice enables a concrete or binder designer to optimize concrete performance and durability. Theoretical models which allow optimization of the overall fresh concrete particle size distribution (from the coarsest stone fraction down to the finest binder component) are discussed and used to illustrate the techniques involved. Alternative practical techniques are also discussed. An optimally designed mixture of particles will generally reduce costs by ensuring optimum quantities of cement are employed, improve concrete workability and other fresh concrete properties and increase hardened concrete qualities (strength and durability). Reduced time and effort in placing concrete usually results from such optimizations and in the extreme, allows the achievement of the concrete industry’s holy grail; low cost self compacting concrete. Optimized binder design allows the use of less fluids (water and air) without sacrificing workability, with consequent enhancements in hardened concrete qualities. Opportunities for enhancing or engineering the particle size distribution (PSD) of SCM’s or binder fillers are outlined, so that they compliment the PSD of the OPC being used rather than making things worse.