Title: Flow Cone Sand Tests

Author(s): Robert E. Tobin

Publication: Journal Proceedings

Volume: 75

Issue: 1

Appears on pages(s): 1-12

Keywords: aggregate gradation; aggregate shape and texture ; air voids; bulk density; density (mass/volume);air voids; bulk density;fine aggregates; fineness modulus: laboratories: lightweight aggregates: mix proportioning; particle size determination;sands;tests.

DOI: 10.14359/10470

Date: 1/1/1978

Abstract:
This development in testing and evaluating sand can be easily and quicky applied to any fine aggregate at minimum cost in equipment and time. Based on time-honored principle of the ancient hourglass, many properties of sand that were previously unmeasured can now be readily obtained. Particle shape and angularity together with net solids (or air voids) are evaluated along with the mean particle sizeshowing the relative fitness of the sample. Far simpler than laborious sieve analysis, this test provides considerably more additional and reliable information on the concrete-making properties of any fine aggregate. These include cement and water requirements, finishing charateristics, pumpablity, and other desireable attributes. The test may also be used as a positive method of determing the dry bulk specific gravity of lightweight fine aggregate without using liquid immersion.