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Title: Development of Lightweight Composite Beams with High Shear Capacity

Author(s): Tayseer Z. Batran, Basem H. AbdelAleem, and Assem A. A. Hassan

Publication: Materials Journal

Volume: 119

Issue: 1

Appears on pages(s): 159-171

Keywords: cracking; failure; hybrid composite beam; loading; polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber; post-cracking shear resistance; reinforcement; steel fibers (SFs); structural element

DOI: 10.14359/51734256

Date: 1/1/2022

Abstract:
This investigation aimed to develop hybrid composite lightweight concrete beams with improved shear capacity and strength. A semi-lightweight high-performance engineered cementitious composite (ECC) layer was added to either the compression or tension side of the beam to improve the shear capacity while maintaining low average density of the composite beam. The ECC material was developed with different fiber types, including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers with 8 mm (0.31 in.) length, and steel fibers (SFs) with 35 mm (1.38 in.) length. The study compared the theoretical predictions of ultimate shear capacity calculated by design code models and proposed a model to the experimental results. The results indicated that the strategy of using a high-performance ECC layer in lightweight concrete beams can successfully alleviate the reduction in the shear strength of lightweight concrete, with a slight increase of no more than 9% in the density. For example, using an ECC layer with PVA fibers in the compression side of the lightweight control beam increased the density from 1727 to 1843 kg/m3 (107.81 to 115 lb/ft3) while it significantly improved the normalized shear strength, reaching a value that exceeded the normalized shear strength of the normalweight concrete beam with a density of 2276 kg/m3 (142.1 lb/ft3). Using an ECC layer in the compression side of the lightweight control beam also showed a noticeably higher post-diagonal-cracking shear resistance and post-cracking shear ductility compared to the control lightweight beam, full-cast ECC beams, and normalweight concrete beam.


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