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Title: Tensile Properties of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bars for Reinforcement of Concrete

Author(s): R. Kampmann, S. Telikapalli, A. Ruiz Emparanza, A. Schmidt, and M. A. Dulebenets

Publication: Materials Journal

Volume: 118

Issue: 1

Appears on pages(s): 111-126

Keywords: basalt; fiber-reinforced polymer; guaranteed tensile strength; reinforcing bars; resin; tensile properties

DOI: 10.14359/51729288

Date: 1/1/2021

Abstract:
Concrete infrastructure is deteriorating at a fast pace because of corrosion issues inherent to traditional black steel reinforcing bars. Alternative non-corrosive reinforcement materials for concrete structures have been developed and reinforcing bars made from fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) are one of the most predominantly used non-corrosive materials for internal reinforcement. This research focused on basalt FRP reinforcing bars as this technology is still in development for the U.S. market and no standard specifications are available yet. In an effort to develop basalt specific acceptance criteria, two commonly available BFRP reinforcing bar sizes from five different sources and two different production lots were tested to quantify the tensile strength and stress-strain behavior of this emerging reinforcing bar technology. The obtained results were used to evaluate the performance of each reinforcing bar type in a relativistic comparison to existing benchmark values for glass FRP reinforcing bars given in AC454. The tensile strengths were consistent for all reinforcing bar types and the recorded values surpassed the strength measurements generally reported for comparable GFRP reinforcing bars. It was found that No. 3 reinforcing bars measured guaranteed tensile strengths between 760 and 1266 MPa (110 and 184 ksi), while No. 5 reinforcing bars ranged between 836 Pa and 1074 MPa (129 and 131 ksi). Though the fiber-to-resin ratio of all tested reinforcing bar types was similar, the tensile strength of these reinforcing bars varied due to differences in the raw materials and production. The elastic moduli were calculated according to AC454 and it was noted that this property varied significantly between the different reinforcing bar types because of irregular cross-sectional dimensions and the various proprietary (not standardized) manufacturing processes. It was determined that acceptance criteria for BFRP reinforcing bars can be conservatively defined according to the currently available GFRP values, but more specific criteria can be developed through further research to take advantage of the additional load capacity and potential improved stiffness of BFRP reinforcing bars.