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Home > Publications > International Concrete Abstracts Portal
The International Concrete Abstracts Portal is an ACI led collaboration with leading technical organizations from within the international concrete industry and offers the most comprehensive collection of published concrete abstracts.
Showing 1-5 of 7 Abstracts search results
Document:
SP77
Date:
October 1, 1982
Author(s):
Editor: Paul Klieger
Publication:
Symposium Papers
Volume:
77
Abstract:
SP-77 The six papers presented here are from the Verbeck Symposium, named in recognition of George Verbeck's long-term studies of sulfate attack. These papers provide valuable new data, answer some critical questions and point toward the work and test methods still needed to better understand sulfate resistance of concrete. Topics include; long-time studies, field experiences and current research on sulfate attack; concrete durability in sulfate soils; physical aspects of sodium sulfate attack; sulfate resistance of cements in a controlled environment.
DOI:
10.14359/14129
SP77-01
Edward M. Harboe
Sulfate attack on concrete has long been studied and measures taken to combat sulfate attack. Therefore, damage due to sulfate attack is not prevalent today. Illustrations are given to show damage which results when preventive measures are not taken. Tests results are reviewed which led to preventive measures being taken, such as low CSA cements, use of pozzolans, and low water to cement ratio concrete.
10.14359/6417
SP77-05
Thomas J. Reading
Evidence is presented to show that sodium sulfate attack on concrete has physical, as well as chemical aspects. This has been shown in the laboratory and in studies of field structures, Including ft. Peck Dam. Inspection, coring, and testing of the Ft. Peck concrete after 40 years of severe sulfate exposure are described. Sulfate attack was noted in a fen areas, but the overall condition of the concrete is surprisingly good.
10.14359/6421
SP77-04
Katharine Mather
Two studies relating to sulfate resistance are being carried out under the direction of the author. One of these, a cooperative program in ASTM Committee C-l, is to develop a performance test for sulfate resistance of cements that treats blended cements fairly. The other, a Corps of Engineers Civil Works Research Unit, is to evaluate substitutes for sulfate resisting cements. In the latter study, data have been developed showing that some pozzolans are very effective in preventing sul-fate attack expansion of mortars made with non-sulfate resisting cements. The most effective pozzolans appear to be those of high fineness, high silica content, and a high degree of amorphousness of the silica, characteristics that were shown previously to be possessed by pozzolans that are effective in reducing expansion due to the alkali-silica reaction. Other pozzolans, notably some fly ashes, were found to increase the rate of deterioration of mortar bars made with non-sulfate-resisting cements exposed to sulfate solution when used as cement replacements at the30 percent level. These were fly ashes derived from combustion of lignite.
10.14359/6420
SP77-03
Edwin R. Dunstan, Jr.
Webster defines odyssey in ectual wandering or quest. as an extended, adventurous, Whether or not it be possible, it has been the concrete engineer's quest to have an ideal, all-encompassing specification (spec) for concrete exposed to sulfate environments. This paper is a concept, or scenario, which attempts to provide an all-encompassing specification. A factor for sulfate resistance has been developed which incorporates several factors. These include the chemistry of the cement (C3A and C3AF contents), water to cement ratio or water to cement plus blended material ratio, the percentage of pozzolan or blended material used, and the severity of the sulfates in ground water or soil. This factor, FSR, is correlated to service life. It is predicted that a FSR of 40 as calculated herein will produce a concrete having a service life of 50 years. Constructive criticism of this concept is invited to develop this concept into an all-encompassing specification or prove that such a specification is still only an intellectual quest or odyssey.
10.14359/6419
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