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Soil cement is a densely compacted mixture of portland cement, soil/aggregate, other cementitious materials (possibly), and water. Used primarily as a base material for pavements, soil cement has also been used for slope protection, low-permeability liners, foundation stabilization, and other applications. This report contains information on applications, material properties, mixture proportioning, construction, and quality-control inspection and testing procedures for soil cement. This report’s intent is to provide basic information on soil cement technology with an emphasis on current practice regarding design, testing, and construction.

Keywords: aggregates; base courses; central mixing plant; compacting; construction; fine aggregates; fly ash; foundation stabilization; lime, linings; mixing; mixture proportioning; moisture content; pavements; permeability; portland cement; pulverization, slag cement; slope protection; soil cement; soils; soil stabilization; soil tests; tests; vibration.

Contents: Chapter 1—Introduction, p. 230.1R-2

1.1—Scope

Chapter 2—Notation, definitions, and acronyms,

p. 230.1R-2

2.1—Notation

2.2—Definitions

2.3—Acronyms

Chapter 3—Applications, p. 230.1R-3

3.1—General

3.2—Pavements

3.3—Slope protection

3.4—Bank protection

3.5—Liners

3.6—Foundation stabilization

3.7—Miscellaneous applications

Chapter 4—Materials, p. 230.1R-9

4.1—Soil

4.2—Portland cement

4.3—Slag cement

4.4—Fly ash

4.5—Lime

4.6—Chemical admixtures

4.7—Water

4.8—Cementitious materials not conforming to specifications

Chapter 5—Properties, p. 230.1R-11

5.1—General

5.2—Density

5.3—Compressive strength

5.4—Flexural and tensile strength

5.5—Permeability

5.6—Shrinkage and cracking

5.7—Structural design

Chapter 6—Mixture proportioning, p. 230.1R-15

6.1—General

6.2—Proportioning criteria

6.3—Special considerations

Chapter 7—Construction, p. 230.1R-17

7.1—General

7.2—Materials handling and mixing

7.3—Compaction

7.4—Finishing

7.5—Joints

7.6—Curing and protection

Chapter 8—Quality-control testing and inspection,

p. 230.1R-24

8.1—General

8.2—Pulverization (mixed in place)

8.3—Cement content control

8.4—Moisture content

8.5—Mixing uniformity

8.6—Compaction

8.7—Lift thickness and surface tolerance

Chapter 9—References, p. 230.1R-26

9.1—Referenced standards and reports

9.2—Cited references