Concrete: A Pictorial Celebration References
Pioneering Concrete
This site provides more detailed information about the concrete structures and construction methods illustrated in Concrete: A Pictorial Celebration, published by the American Concrete Institute. Photos in the book were submitted by members and friends of ACI. References to previously published information didn't accompany some of the photos, and for these, caption information was based on either brief descriptions supplied by people who submitted the photos or on articles published in Concrete International and Concrete Construction magazines. We also got information from the ACI archives and from a few other publications. Two websites are particularly useful for retrieving many of the articles cited:
www.worldofconcrete.com (Search Concrete Construction archives)
www.concrete.org (Search Concrete International abstracts)
If you have references to further information related to structures for which we didn't locate published articles, we'll be happy to add these to the references listed below. Please send such information to julie.webb@concrete.org.
In the listings below, information sources are given by section title and page number.
Pioneering Concrete
Page 4. Cleft ridge span
1. Dawes, R. "Restoration of the span," Concrete International, Jan. 1985, pp. 14, 16-20.
2. Chamberlin, W. P. "Q. A. Gillmore and the concrete arch," Concrete International, Jan. 1985, pp. 15, 21-25.
Page 6. Ingalls Building
Steiger, R. W. "First reinforced concrete skyscraper in the U.S.," Concrete Construction, Oct. 1993, pp. 733-736.
Page 7. Brandywine Shoal Lighthouse
1. Paul, M. J. "Brandywine Shoal Lighthouse," Concrete International, Feb. 1986, pp. 24-26.
2. Paul, M. J. "Brandywine Shoal Lighthouse," Concrete International, June 1987, pp. 46-53.
3. Paul, M. J. "Historic Lighthouse Rehabbed," Concrete International, Jan. 1989, pp. 22-27.
4. Hurd, M. K. "Structural rehabilitation of concrete lighthouse," Concrete Construction, July 1988, pp. 659-662.
Page 7. Ford Parkway Bridge
Gonderinger, C. "Reconstructed with precision," Civil Engineering, Jan. 2003, pp. 72-77.
Pages 8-10. Mercer's Fonthill, Museum, and Moravian Pottery Works
1. ACI Committee 124. "The Mercer Mile Buildings (124.2R-94)," American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 12 pp.
2. Sassaman, R. "Mr. Mercer's (concrete) neighborhood," Concrete International, Apr. 1987, pp. 35-39.
3. Steiger, R. W. "Architectural concrete legacy, Bucks County, circa 1910," Concrete Construction, July 1982, pp. 561-566.
4. Hurd, M. K. "Concrete homes of yesterday," Concrete Construction, Aug. 1989, pp. 720-721.
Page 11. Grafton Bridge
"Grafton Bridge, Auckland." Two pages from New Zealand's Engineering Heritage. Date and page numbers not known; photocopy of pages received from New Zealand Concrete Society.
Page 11. Pecos River Flume
Wilde, R. "Pecos River flume," Concrete International, Aug. 2002, pp. 127-128.
Page 12. Y-bridge
Simmons, D. A. "Building a concrete Y," Concrete International, June 1992, pp. 42-47.
Page 13. Glenfinnan viaduct
Wilde, R. "Concrete Bob's railway viaducts," Concrete International, July 1996, p. 80.
Page 14. Gair Building: No published articles found.
Page 15. Bisbee Building
1. Wood, W. "Jacksonville's architectural heritage," <a publication of the Jacksonville Historical Society?>
2. Broward, R. C. "The architecture of Henry John Klutho," <a publication of the Jacksonville Historical Society?>
Page 16. Pipeload test: No published articles found.
Page 17. Alvord bridge: No published articles found.
Page 17. Stepanian 1916 ready-mix truck
Marsh, D. "Mixer inventor early poster child for intellectual property laws," Concrete Products, May 2004.
Page 18. First concrete street
1. Olson, L. "Pavement pioneer George Bartholomew," Concrete International, May 1997, pp. 50-51.
2. Santilli, C. "Oldest concrete pavement celebrates 100 years," Concrete Construction, Oct. 1991, p. 745.
Page 18. Wayne County road
"Concrete roads in Wayne County," Concrete, Oct. 1911. Reprinted in Concrete International, Oct. 1979, pp. 77-83.
Page 19. Edison houses
1. Heun, R. C. "Thomas A. Edison's adventures in concrete," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, Aug. 1975, pp. 403-404.
2. Heun, R. C., and Moss, H. R. "Thomas A. Edison's adventures in concrete," Concrete International, Jan. 1987, pp. 12-14.
3. Hurd, M. K., "Concrete homes of yesterday," Concrete Construction, Aug. 1989, pp. 722-724.
4. Steiger, R. W. "Edison's concrete dream, Concrete Construction, July 1999, pp. 39-40
5. "Thomas Edison's concrete house," Concrete Construction, June 1965, p. 204
6. "Monolithic concrete buildings," Concrete Construction, June 1966, pp. 219-220.
7. "Concrete furniture," Concrete Construction, Dec. 1966, p. 483.
Page 19. Ward house
1. Heun, R. C. "A remarkable house in Port Chester, NY," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings,Mar. 1975, pp. 102-110.
2. Heun, R. C. "Ward's Castle," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1976, pp. 23-24.
3. "ACI declares Ward House as engineering landmark," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, Sept. 1978, pp. 20-21.
4. Hurd, M. K. "Concrete homes of yesterday," Concrete Construction, Aug. 1989, p. 720.
Page 19. Mill Street bridge
Simmons, D. A. "Ohio's largest rainbow arch bridge," Ohio County Engineer, Summer 1989, pp. 13, 19.
Page 20-21. Panama Canal
1. McCullough, D. The Path between the Seas—The Creation of the Panama Canal 1870-1914, Simon and Schuster, 1977, 698 pp.
2. "A look back at concrete in the canal zone," Concrete Construction, July 1986, pp. 663-664.
3. Steiger, R. W. "The Panama Canal: eightieth anniversary," Concrete Construction, Dec. 1994, pp. 959-964.
4. "The construction of the Panama Canal," Concrete Construction, July 1973.
Page 22. August Perret buildings
Collins, P. Concrete: The Vision of a New Architecture, A Study of Auguste Perret and His Precursors, Horizon Press, 1959, pp. 163, 178-79, 181-183, 199, 202-204, 212.
Page 23. Coplay kilns: No published articles found.
Page 24. Parthenon replica
Steiger, R. W. "The Parthenon: an exact replica of the famous Greek temple," Concrete Construction, May 1991, pp. 411-417.
Page 25. Luten bridges
Cooper J. L. Artistry and Ingenuity in Artificial Stone: Indiana's concrete bridges 1900-1942. Historic Bridge Books, 1997, 280 pp.
Page 26. Benson Street bridge
Simmons, D. A. "Hamilton County bridge believed to be first of its kind in Ohio," Ohio County Engineer, Nov. 1985, p. 21.
Page 27. George Westinghouse bridge: No published articles found.
Page 27. Pasco-Kennewick bridge: No published articles found.
Pages 28-29. Hoover dam
1. Stevens, J. E. Hoover Dam: An American Adventure, University of Oklahoma Press, 1998, 326 pp.
2. "A concrete engineering masterpiece: Hoover Dam celebrates 50th anniversary," Concrete International, Dec. 1985, pp. 27-31. (This reference also cites 14 other ACI references on research related to Hoover Dam.)
Concrete and Culture 
Pages 32-33. Milwaukee Art Museum
1. "Wings on the waterfront," Structure, May 2002, pp. 14-18.
2. "Milwaukee Art Museum: a masterpiece of astonishing forms," Concrete Construction, Sept. 2002, pp. 16-17.
3. Wallace, M. A. "A concrete 'dream-work' comes to life," Concrete Construction, July 1999, pp. 16-21.
Page 34. Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth
1. Sipes, P., and Childers, R. "Art and architecture converge in concrete," Concrete International, June 2003, pp. 42-45.
2. Dillon, D. "Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Architectural Record, Mar. 2003, pp. 99-113.
Page 35. Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts
1. Mainridge, M. "Casting concrete artwork," Structure, June 2003, pp. 18-21.
2. Nasvik, J. "The Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts," Concrete Construction, Nov. 2001, pp. 32-38.
Page 36. Guggenheim Museum
1. Larkin, D., and Brooks Pfeiffer, B., eds. Frank Lloyd Wright Master Builder. Universe Publishing, 1997, 240 pp. (see pp. 142-153).
2. "The Guggenheim—a concrete work of art," Concrete Construction, Feb. 1983, pp. 137-138.
Page 36. National Museum of American Indian
1. McCraven, S. "Intense geometry," Concrete Construction, Aug. 2002, pp. 31-34.
2. "Going to great lengths and curves to mimic nature in nation's capital," Engineering News Record, Aug. 5, 2002, pp. 22-24.
Page 37. Palace of Fine Arts
"Palace of Fine Arts: a brief history," booklet available from Palace of Fine Arts.
Page 38. Denver Botanic Gardens
"Concrete canopy for conservatory," Concrete Construction, Sept. 1967, p. 344.
Page 39. National Theatre
"South Bank revisit," Concrete Quarterly, <date not available>, pp. 24-28.
Page 39. Auditorium Tenerife: No published articles found.
Page 40-41. Sydney Opera House
Frohmader, D. L. "White sails on Bennelong Point: The Sydney Opera House," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1991, pp. 13-16.
"Sydney Opera House," Concrete Construction, Sept. 1967, pp. 335-336.
Page 42. Bibliotheca Alexandrina
1. "Bibliotheca Alexandrina," Civil Engineering, July 2002, p. 80.
2. Hamza, M., and Ghoneim, M. "Ancient concept, modern context," Civil Engineering, Mar. 2001.
Page 43. Center for Environment at Catawba College
Holzel, D. "Center for the Environment at Catawba College," Concrete Masonry Designs, Dec. 2002, pp. 6-8.
Page 44. Molecular biology research building
Anderson, F. D., Nijhawan, J., and Kelley, T. "Precast concrete delineates biology lab inside and out," PCI Journal, Mar.-Apr. 1998, pp. 32-41.
Page 45. Neurosciences Institute: No published articles found.
Page 45. Lakeland High School: No published articles found.
Page 45. Coconino Community College
"Coconino Community College," Concrete Masonry Designs, Dec. 2003, pp. 10-12.
Page 46. Grand Meadow School
Parker, F. "New monolithic dome schools," Roundup, Winter 2000, pp. 19-20.
Page 46. Geisel Library: No published articles found.
Page 47. National Academy of Construction: No published articles found.
Page 47. Shahyad Tower: No published articles found.
Concrete at Home
Pages 50-51. Fallingwater
1. Larkin, D., and Brooks Pfeiffer, B., eds. Frank Lloyd Wright Master Builder. Universe Publishing, 1997, 240 pp. (see pp. 104-117)
2. "'Wrighting' a fragile landmark sagging for nearly 65 years," Engineering News Record, Mar. 25, 2002, pp. 17-18.
3. Loper, J., and Hughes, J. "Post-tensioned retrofitting maintains landmark's aesthetics," Concrete International, Apr. 2003, pp. 59-64.
4. Hurd, M. K., and Steiger, R. W. "Fallingwater revisited," Concrete Construction, May 1975, pp. 189-192.
5. "Fallingwater—transcending architecture," Concrete Construction, Feb. 1983, pp. 109-111.
6. Hoffman, D. Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater, Dover Publications, Inc.
Page 52. Basement: No published articles found.
Page 52. New American Home: No published articles found.
Page 53. La Casa en el Aire: No published articles found.
Page 54. House Shail Maharaj
Fulton Awards. "House Shail Maharaj," Concrete Beton, 2001, p. 44.
Page 55. La Maison de Beton: No published articles found.
Page 55. Highland Drive residence
"Highland Drive residence," Concrete Masonry Designs, Dec. 2003, pp. 16-17.
Page 56. Topsail Island homes
Storer, L. "North Carolina TopSail Beach townhouses stand confidently in face of Atlantic hurricanes," Concrete Homes, July 2003.
Page 57. Family residence
"Family residence," Concrete Masonry Designs, Dec. 2002, pp. 12-14.
Page 58. Habitat '67
Fitzgerald, D. J. "Construction of Habitat '67," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, Oct. 1968, pp. 801-810.
Page 59. Simmons Hall
"More than an academic exercise," Engineering News Record, Jan. 27, 2003, pp. 32-36.
Page 60. River City
1. Shapiro, M. W. "Creating community from concrete," Concrete International, Nov. 1985, pp. 21-27.
2. "River city—An urban masterpiece that only concrete could shape," Concrete Construction, June 1987, pp. 505-510.
Page 61. Marina City
1. "Marina City—record breaker in 1962," Concrete Construction, Feb. 1983, p. 89.
2. Ingraham, C. "Rounding the corner with concrete: the architect as humanist," Concrete International, Nov. 1985, pp. 28-32.
3. "Bertrand Goldberg—a master of concrete architecture," Concrete Construction, June 1987, pp. 512-513.
4. Gaunit, G. C. "Marina City—Foundations," Civil Engineering, Dec. 1962, pp. 60-63.
5. Weinberg, B. E. "Marina City—Towers," Civil Engineering, Dec. 1962, pp. 64-67.
Page 62. Park Lane Apartments
Concrete Masonry Review, Aug. 1984, pp. 8-9. (Australia)
Page 62. Park Plaza on the Brandywine: No published articles found.
Page 63. Executive Centre: No published articles found.
Page 63. Lake Point Tower
"Record-setting concrete projects," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1980, p. 9.
Page 64. Paramount Apartments
1. "Concrete reaches new heights in high seismic zone," Engineered Concrete Structures, Aug. 2001, pp. 1-3.
2. Englekirk, R. E. "Design construction of the Paramount—A 39-story precast prestressed concrete building," PCI Journal, July-Aug. 2002, pp. 56-71.
Page 65. Concord Pacific Place: No published articles found.
Page 65. Escala Building: No published articles found.
Page 66. City Spire
Grossman, J. S. "Slender concrete structures—The new edge," ACI Structural Journal, Jan.-Feb. 1990, pp. 39-52.
Page 67. Huron Plaza: No published articles found.
Page 67. Scene Johoku
Sugano, T.; Okawa, J.; and Maeda, Y. "Design of 45-story reinforced concrete building with high-strength materials," Structural Engineers World Congress, Paper T205-2, July 1988, 8 pp.
Page 68. Marina Square: No published articles found.
Page 69. Shanghai Centre: No published articles found.
Page 69. Unique Hotel
Hinchberger, B. "Seamless tension: the making of Sao Paulo's Hotel unique," Brazilmax.com, Aug. 16, 2003, 5 pp.
Page 70-71. Shandong Hotel: No published articles found.
Concrete and Transportation
Pages 74-76. Channel Tunnel
Laning, A. "French use slipform pavers in Eurotunnel," Concrete Construction, Feb. 1993, pp. 135-138.
Page 77. 90th Street Bridge
"NE 90th Street Bridge," Structure, June 2003, p. 26.
Pages 78-79. Confederation Bridge
1. Macdonald, C. Bridging the Strait: The Story of the Confederation Bridge Project, Dundurn Press, Toronto, 1997, 128 pp.
2. Dunaszegi, L. "High performance concrete in the Confederation Bridge," Concrete International, Apr. 1998, pp. 66-68.
3. Holley, J. J. et al. "Custom HPC mixtures for challenging bridge design," Concrete International, Sept. 1999, pp. 43-48.
Page 80. Anzac Bridge
The Glebe Island Arterial, NSW Roads and Traffic Authority, Australia, 28 pp. (booklet)
Page 81. Glacis Bridge: No published articles found.
Page 81. Penang Bridge: No published articles found.
Page 82. Sacramento River Trail Bridge and Vranov Lake Footbridge
Strasky, J. "Long-span, slender pedestrian bridges," Concrete International, Feb. 2002, pp. 43-48.
Page 83. TWA terminal
"Sculpture in concrete," Concrete Construction, Oct. 1961, pp. 282-284
Page 83. Dulles Airport terminal
Lyttle, J. B. "Unique roof construction at Dulles Airport," ACI Journal, July 1963, pp. 835-850.
Page 83. LaGuardia Airport runway: No published articles found.
Page 84. Great Belt Link
"Denmark spans strait with Great Belt Link," Concrete International, July 1992, pp. 25-46. (a collection of five papers)
Page 85. Flintshire Bridge
"The Flintshire Bridge," Concrete, Oct. 1999, pp. 12-14. (London)
Page 85. Gladesville Bridge
Lewis, M., ed. 200 Years of Concrete in Australia, Concrete Institute of Australia, 1988, 138 pp.
Page 86. Linn Cove viaduct
1. "Precast segmental bridge built from the top down," Concrete Products, Nov. 1983, 3 pp.
2. "Design and construction of Linn Cove viaduct," PCI Journal, Sept.-Oct. 1985, pp. 38-53.
Page 87. Bixby Creek Bridge: No published articles found.
Page 87. Dames Point Bridge: No published articles found.
Page 88. Kikko Bridge
Arai, H., and Ota, Y. "Prestressed concrete stress ribbon bridge: Kikko bridge," Prestressed Concrete in Japan, Japan Prestressed Concrete Engineering Association, XII FIP Congress, pp. 1-4.
Page 88. Natchez Trace Parkway arches: No published articles found.
Page 88. Walnut Lane Bridge
1. Magnel, G. "Prototype prestressed beam justifies Walnut Lane bridge design," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, Dec. 1950, pp. 301-316.
2. Zollman, C. C. "Magnel's impact on the advent of prestressed concrete," Reflections on the Beginnings of Prestressed Concrete in America (PCI), 1981, pp. 6-32.
3. Anderson, A. R. "An adventure in prestressed concrete," Reflections on the Beginnings of Prestressed Concrete in America (PCI), 1981, pp. 190-212. (contains 15 other references)
Page 89. Gatwick Airport acoustic wall
"Gatwick Airport acoustic wall," Concrete, Oct. 1998, pp. 26-28. (London)
Page 89. Lake Natoma Crossing: No published articles found.
Page 90. Southwest Spokane Street swing bridge: No published articles found.
Page 91. Sunshine Skyway
1. "Sunshine Skyway Bridge ship impact design of low level approaches," PCI Journal, July-Aug. 1988, pp. 96-123.
2. Hurd, M. K., "What makes a bridge beautiful? What does it cost?" Concrete Construction, Jan. 1988, pp. 23-24.
3. "Skyway bridge boasts a record and innovations," Engineering News Record, Sept. 11, 1986, 3 pp.
Page 92. French Gulch Bridge: No published articles found.
Page 92. Walt Disney World monorail
Anderson, A. R. "An adventure in prestressed concrete," Reflections on the Beginnings of Prestressed Concrete in America (PCI), 1981, pp. 253-254.
Page 93. Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge and I-93 viaducts and ramps
1. Nasvik, J. "The Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge," Concrete Construction, Sept. 2003, pp. 32-36.
2. Kumarasena, S.; McCabe, R.; Zoli, T.; and Pate, D. "Zakim, Bunker Hill Bridge, Boston, Massachusetts," Structural Engineering International, No. 2, 2003, pp. 90-94.
3. "The Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge," IBC '03, 2003, 3 pp. (2003 International Bridge Conference)
Page 94. Multnomah Falls Footbridge
Steiger, R. W. "Concrete bridges on the historic Columbia River highway," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1991, pp. 66-75.
Page 94. Pine Valley Creek Bridge
"Concrete box girder invades the U.S. with savings," Engineering News Record, Feb. 28, 1974, 2 pp.
Page 95. Crooked River Gorge Bridge
"Crooked River Gorge Bridge," American Consulting Engineer, May-June 2001, p. 33.
Pages 96-97. Wacker Drive
1. Kaderbek, S. L.; Casalino, D.; Blumensaadt, I.; and Lindemann, E., "Reconstructing a grand boulevard," Civil Engineering, Sept. 2002, pp. 66-73.
2. Nasvik, J. "Rebuilding Chicago's Upper and Lower Wacker Drive," Concrete Construction, Nov. 2002, pp. 22-30.
Page 98. El Curtola overcrossing: No published articles found.
Page 98. State Street undercrossing: No published articles found.
Page 99. King Ave. Bridge
"Historic bridge wins design competition," Concrete Construction, Nov. 2000, p. 22.
Page 99. Myrtle Creek Bridge: No published articles found.
Page 100. Pierrelatte Bridge: No published articles found.
Page 100. Spadina Interchange: No published articles found.
Page 101. Viaduc de Millau
1. "Multispan, cable-stayed crossing is high-level landmark," Engineering News Record, Mar. 15, 2004, pp. 24-29.
2. "Viaduc de Millau," Concrete Construction, Sept. 2003, pp. 41-42.
Page 102. Seven Mile Bridge: No published articles found.
Page 102. Wisconsin Ave. viaduct: No published articles found.
Page 103. Parrott's Ferry Bridge: No published articles found.
Concrete on the Job
Pages 106-107
One of the most comprehensive books dealing with formwork is ACI SP-4, Formwork for Concrete, published by the American Concrete Institute. The 7th edition of this classic will be published in late 2004. Check this website for further information.
Pages 108-109. Metro Airport
McCraven, S., and Tosolt, K. A. "Massive concrete placement takes off at Metro Airport," Concrete International, Nov. 1999, pp. 22-29.
Pages 110-111
A brief history of concrete pumping developments is presented in:
Wallace, M. "The equipment revolution," Concrete Construction, Jan. 2000, pp. 41-44.
Pages 112-113
1. Fling, R. "A screeding machine that's more than a strike-off," Concrete Construction, Apr. 1987.
2. Wallace, M. "The equipment revolution," Concrete Construction, Jan. 2000, p. 49.
Page 114
A brief history of ride-on power trowels is presented in:
Wallace, M. "The equipment revolution," Concrete Construction, Jan. 2000, pp. 49-50.
Page 115
Fascinating photographs and interesting information on the early history of the ready mixed concrete industry are included in a pictorial history 1924-1933, available from the National Ready Mixed Concrete Association (www.nrmca.org).
Pages 116-117. Wacker Drive
1. Kaderbek, S. L.; Casalino, D.; Blumensaadt, I.; and Lindemann, E. "Reconstructing a grand boulevard," Civil Engineering, Sept. 2002, pp. 66-73.
2. Nasvik, J. "Rebuilding Chicago's Upper and Lower Wacker Drive," Concrete Construction, Nov. 2002, pp. 22-30.
Page 118
1. Malisch, W. "Versatile conveyors," Concrete Construction, Apr. 2000.
2. "Mixer-mounted conveyors," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1984.
Page 119
A brief history of slipform pavers is presented in:
Wallace, M. "The equipment revolution," Concrete Construction, Jan. 2000, pp. 44-47.
Page 120.
Page 121. Camza Square
Wakisaka, T. et al. "Automated construction system for high-rise reinforced concrete buildings," Automation in Construction, No. 9, 2000, pp. 229-250.
Page 122.
Raines, E.; Hutton, G. A.; and Goodrich, N. K. "How to piece together an airport," Concrete International, July 1979, pp. 14-21.
Page 123. Lower photo
Grace, N. et al. "Full-scale test of prestressed double-tee beam," Concrete International, Apr. 2003, pp. 52-58.
Page 124.
Loper, J., and Hughes, J. "Post-tensioned retrofitting maintains landmark's aesthetics," Concrete International, Apr. 2003, pp. 59-64.
Concrete at Work
Pages 128-129. Petronas Twin Towers: No published articles found.
Page 130. One Shell Plaza: No published articles found.
Page 130. Centre Square Office Towers: No published articles found.
Page 131. 311 South Wacker Drive
1. "Concrete giant rises on Chicago skyline," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1990, pp. 5-10.
2. "Forming the world's tallest concrete frame building," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1990, pp. 11-18.
Page 131. 780 Third Avenue
Grossman, J. S. "780 Third Avenue: The first high-rise diagonally braced concrete structure," Concrete International, Feb. 1985, pp. 53-56.
Page 132. ADTRAN headquarters: No published articles found.
Page 132. Colonial Mutual building
Andrews, L. A. "The Colonial Mutual—a Brisbane landmark," Concrete International, Jan. 1987, pp. 36-38.
Page 133. World Trade Center
Pickard, S. S. "Construction-oriented concrete design," Concrete International, May 1981, pp. 82-87.
Page 134. CENU
Franco, M. "Three tall buildings in Sao Paulo, Brazil," Structural Engineering International, No. 1, 1999, pp. 25-26.
Page 134. Brazilian Central Bank
Vascancelos, A. C. Tall Buildings in Latin America, pp. 20-22.
Page 135. Fondo de Cultura Economica: No published articles found.
Page 135. Blue Lake Center: No published articles found.
Page 136. Colorado Convention Center: No published articles found.
Page 136. Johnson Wax headquarters
Steiger, R. W. "S.C. Johnson & Son complex symbolizes concrete's versatility and endurance," Concrete Construction, Sept. 1996, pp. 675-681.
Page 137. Quest Communications: No published articles found.
Page 138. Amman Commercial Center: No published articles found.
Page 138. Bank of Hawaii
"Bank of Hawaii Waikiki Building," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, June 1969, p. N13.
Page 139. St. Joseph Medical Center: No published articles found.
Page 139. U.S. Tax Court: No published articles found.
Page 140. Better Business Bureau
"Better Business Bureau," Concrete Masonry Design, Dec. 2003, pp. 14-15.
Page 140. Scotia Plaza: No published articles found.
Page 141. Torre Agbar Office Tower: No published articles found.
Pages 142-143. Marin County Civic Center
Larkin, D., and Brooks, B., eds. Frank Lloyd Wright Master Builder, Universe Publishing, 1997, 240 pp. (see pp. 200-205)
Page 144. Lazarus Department Store
Muse, G., and DiGiacomo, A. "Precast concrete panels give scale and grandeur to Lazarus Department Store," PCI Journal, Sept.-Oct. 2000, pp. 20-29.
Page 144. Commissioner of Public Works: No published articles found.
Page 145. Stratosphere Tower
Laning, A. "America's tallest concrete tower rises above Vegas desert," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1993, pp. 7-9.
Page 145. Tower of the Americas: No published articles found.
Pages 146-147. CN Tower
1. "The CN Tower," Concrete Construction, Feb. 1983, p. 125.
2. "The CN Tower," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, Mar. 1978, p. N48.
Page 148. Dallas City Hall
Rosenlund, J. E. "Use of shrinkage-compensating cement concrete in the Dallas Municipal Center (ACI SP-64)," Cedric Willson Symposium on Expansive Concrete, pp. 33-42.
Page 149. Boston City Hall: No published articles found.
Page 149. Pergola at Centro de Seguridad: No published articles found.
Page 150. San Mateo Parking: No published articles found.
Page 151. Santa Clara Parking: No published articles found.
Page 151. Univ of Calif Santa Cruz Parking
"Structural form nestled among majestic redwoods," Structure, Feb. 2003, pp. 16-20.
Page 152. Stanford Univ Parking: No published articles found.
Page 152. Douglas parking structure: No published articles found.
Page 153. Calamco storage: No published articles found.
Page 154. CNIT: No published articles found.
Page 154. Urea storage: No published articles found.
Page 155: Rooms-to-Go
"A giant undertaking," Concrete Construction, Dec. 2002, pp. 28-29.
Page 155. Tru Wall headquarters: No published articles found.
Pages 156-157. Ventana Medical: No published articles found.
Concrete in Worship
Pages 160-161. Cathedral of Brasilia: No published articles found.
Page 162. The Great Stupa
"High-performance concrete meets stringent requirements," Concrete Construction, May 1992, p. 371.
Page 163. Temple of the Virgin Mary of Lichen: No published articles found.
Page 164: St. Peter's Lutheran Church
Steiger, R. W. "Architectural concrete wins for St. Peter's," Concrete Construction, May 1990, pp. 439-447.
Page 164. St. Louis Priory Chapel: No published articles found.
Page 165. Christo Redemptor: No published articles found.
Page 166. All Saints Chapel: No published articles found.
Page 166. Cathedral of SS Peter & Paul
"Cathedral in concrete," Concrete, June 1974, pp. 37-39. (The Concrete Society)
Page 167. Campos de Paz Chapel
"Campos de Paz chapel," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, Dec. 1975, p. 664.
Page 167. Cathedral of Abidjan
Rapoport, I. "The inclining towers of the cathedral of Abidjan," Concrete International, Jan. 1987, pp. 24-25.
Pages 168-169. Baha'i Mother Temple
Frohmader, D. L. "A concrete lotus in India," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1991, pp. 17-21.
Page 170. Chapel of the Holy Cross: No published articles found.
Page 170. Church of Risen Christ: No published articles found.
Page 171. Coventry Cathedral: No published articles found.
Page 172. Parroquia de la Medalla: No published articles found.
Page 172. Holy Trinity Catholic Church
"Holy Trinity Catholic Church," Concrete Masonry Design, Dec. 2002, pp. 22-23.
Page 173. Baha'i House of Worship
1. "Temple of light," Concrete Construction, Feb. 1983, pp. 119-122.
2. Whitmore, B. W. The Dawning Place, Baha'i Publishing Trust, Wilmette, IL, 1984, 332 pp.
3. McDaniel, A. B., "The temple of light," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, June 1933, pp. 397-401.
4. Earley, J. J. "The project of ornamenting the Baha'i Temple dome, ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, V. 29, June 1933, pp. 403-411.
5. Shapiro, B. B., "Structural design of Baha'i Temple,"ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, V. 30, Jan.-Feb. 1934, pp. 239-246.
6. Earley, J. J. "Architectural concrete of the exposed aggregate type," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, V. 30, Mar.-Apr. 1934, pp. 251-278.
Page 174. Life Church Cross: No published articles found.
Page 174: St. Francis de Sales
Steiger, R. W. "St. Francis de Sales Church," Concrete Construction, July 1996, pp. 561-568.
Page 175. Latter Day Saints Conference Center: No published articles found.
Page 176. Cathedral of Our Lady of Angels
1. Selna, D., and Monteiro, P. J. M. "Cathedral of Our Lady of Angels," Concrete International, Nov. 2001, pp. 26-23.
2. "L.A.'s third millenium Noah's Ark," Engineering News Record, Sept. 10, 2001, 4 pp.
3. Palmer, W. D., Jr. "Rising to the challenge of perfection," Concrete Construction, Aug. 2002, pp. 24-28.
4. Powell, A. E. "Light of L.A.," Civil Engineering, Jan. 2003, pp. 44-53.
Page 177. Metropolitan Cathedral: No published articles found.
Concrete in Service
Pages 180-181. Hoover Dam
Stevens, J. E., "Hoover Dam: an American adventure," University of Oklahoma Press, 1998, 326 pp.
"A concrete engineering masterpiece: Hoover Dam celebrates 50th anniversary," Concrete International, Dec. 1985, pp. 27-31. (This reference cites 14 other ACI Proceedings references on research related to Hoover Dam.)
Page 182. Urban Runoff Facility: No published articles found.
Page 183. Tennessee Valley Authority Dams
Fontana, Hiawassee: No published articles found.
Norris Dam:
Tyler, I. L. "Concrete at Norris Dam," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, V. 32, Jan.-Feb. 1936, pp. 285-297.
Page 184. Water Tower, Baydon: No published articles found.
Page 184. Carsington Reservoir Tunnel: No published articles found.
Page 185. Bhima Aqueduct: No published articles found.
Page 185. Three Gorges Dam
1. Semioli, W., and Jensen, R. "Taming the great dragon—Three Gorges Dam," Concrete International, Aug. 2002, pp. 50-58.
2. "Second phase completed at Three Gorges Dam," Civil Engineering, Jan. 2003, pp. 36-37.
Page 186. Concrete pipe and culverts: No published articles found.
Page 186. Super high-rise chimney: No published articles found.
Page 187. Itaipu Hydroelectric Project: No published articles found.
Page 188. Porabka Dam: No published articles found.
Page 188. Rancho Seca Nuclear Power Plant: No published articles found.
Page 189. Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant: No published articles found.
Page 190. Egg-shaped digesters: No published articles found.
Page 190. Katse Dam
"Katse Dam—Lesotho," Concrete Beton, June 1998, pp. 9-10. (Concrete Society of Southern Africa)
Page 190. San Onofre Nuclear Generation Station: No published articles found.
Page 191. Benmore Penstocks
1. Ritchie, R. F. D.; Black, J. K. L.; and Braithwaite, D. S. "Prestressed concrete penstocks at Benmore," Proceedings Institution of Civil Engineers, Apr. 1966, V. 33, pp. 677-696.
2. Braithwaite, D. S. "The development of mortar joints for precast concrete penstocks at Benmore," New Zealand Engineering, Sept. 15, 1967, pp. 371-376.
Page 191. Dworshak Dam: No published articles found.
Page 191. Morrow Point Dam: No published articles found.
Page 192. Theodore Roosevelt Dam
Balogh, A. "Concrete changes at the face of Theodore Roosevelt Dam," Concrete Construction, June 1996, pp. 505-509.
Page 192. Glen Canyon Dam
Price, W. H.; Witte, L. P.; and Porter, L. C. "Concrete and concrete materials for Glen Canyon Dam," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, Dec. 1960, pp. 629-648.
Page 193. Grand Coulee Dam
Dodge, G. F. "Aggregate production for Grand Coulee Dam," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, V. 32, Jan.-Feb. 1936, pp. 317-332.
Page 194. Toshka Project
"Egyptian ambition," Concrete Construction, Feb. 2004, pp. 26-27.
Page 194. Willow Creek Dam
Schrader, E. K. "The first concrete gravity dam designed and built for roller compacted construction methods," Concrete International, Oct. 1982, pp. 15-24.
Page 195. Narora Nuclear Power Plant: No published articles found.
Concrete on the Water
Pages 198-203. Eastern Scheldt Surge Barrier
1. "Holland's massive concrete tidal barrier," Concrete International, Oct. 1982, pp. 52-53.
2. "Concrete battles the sea," Concrete International, Apr. 1983, p. 68.
3. Frohmader, D. L. "The Eastern Scheldt storm surge barrier," Concrete Construction, May 1991, pp. 385-388.
4. "Dutch storm surge barrier nears completion," Concrete Construction, Oct. 1986, pp. 898-899.
5. "Netherlands concrete surge barrier," Concrete Construction, Sept. 1983, pp. 661-666.
Page 204. Humboldt Bay Jetties
Barab, S., and Hanson, D. "Investigation of fiber reinforced breakwater armor units," Fiber Reinforced Concrete: International Symposium, ACI SP-44, 1974, pp. 415-434.
Page 205. Maeslant Barrier
"Storm surge barrier on the Nievwe Waterweg; The Maeslant Barrier," Information Centre Maeslant Barrier, May 1998, 8 pp. (booklet)
Page 206. North Breakwater: No published articles found.
Page 207. ARCO Floating LPG Terminal
Anderson, A. R. "World's largest prestressed LPG floating terminal," PCI Journal, Jan.-Feb. 1977, pp. 12-31.
Page 207. Concrete Island Drilling Platform: No published articles found.
Pages 208-209. Hibernia Offshore Platform:
1. Woodhead, H. R. "Hibernia offshore oil platform," Concrete International, Dec. 1993, pp. 22-30.
2. Woodhead, H. R. et al. "Hibernia gravity-base structure: completion of the dry dock phase," Concrete International, Sept. 1995, pp. 33-41.
Page 210. Naval Station: No published articles found.
Page 210. Thames Barrier: No published articles found.
Page 211. Ninian Central Platform: No published articles found.
Concrete at Play
Page 214-215. Olympic Stadium, Montreal: No published articles found.
Page 216. Olympic Speed Skating Oval: No published articles found.
Page 217. San Diego Stadium: No published articles found.
Page 218. Three Rivers Stadium
"Concrete in Steelers' Stadium," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, Sept. 1975, pp. 460-461.
Page 219. Diamond Stadium: No published articles found.
Page 220. Rice Stadium: No published articles found.
Page 221. Assembly Hall Univ. of Illinois: No published articles found.
Page 222. American Airlines Arena: No published articles found.
Page 223. Seattle Kingdome: No published articles found.
Page 224. Central Davis Jr. High Gym: No published articles found.
Page 224. Veterans Stadium: No published articles found.
Page 225. Dorton Arena: No published articles found.
Page 225. Indian Wells Tennis Garden: No published articles found.
Page 226. Golden Moon Hotel: No published articles found.
Page 226. Penguin Pool: No published articles found.
Page 227. Hamilton-Lowe Aquatics Center
"Hamilton-Lowe Aquatics Center," Concrete Masonry Design, Dec. 2002, pp. 18-19.
Page 228. Space Mountain
Birkeland, C. J.; Prestegaard, E.; and Ridenour, D. F. Jr., "Precast prestressed 'Space Mountain' highlights Walt Disney World," PCI Journal, Sept.-Oct. 1975, pp. 12-25.
Page 229. Ohio State Stadium
1. "Ohio State 'Horseshoe' renovation," Concrete Repair Bulletin, Nov.-Dec. 2001, pp. 6-10.
2. Fling, R. S. "Rehabilitating Ohio State's stadium," Concrete Construction, June 1991, pp. 484-489.
Concrete Artistry
Pages 232-233. Pacific Science Center
"Concrete Construction for the Century 21 Exposition (A collection of 7 papers)," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings, June 1963, pp. 673-717.
Pages 234-235. Black Hawk Statue
1. Taft, L. "A new art of concrete: an address," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings V. 19, 1923, pp. 178-184.
2. "Black Hawk—a memorial in concrete," ACI Journal, Aug. 1976, pp. N10-N11.
3. Steiger, R. W. "Spirit of Black Hawk: landmark concrete sculpture," Concrete Construction, Mar. 1984, pp. 299-304.
Pages 236-237. Fountain of Time
1. Earley, J. J. "Building the fountain of time," ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings V. 19, 1923, pp. 185-190.
2. Steiger, R. W. "Fountain of time—mighty sculpture cast in concrete," Concrete Construction, Sept. 1984, pp. 797-800.
Page 238. Denver Center Sculpture
"Cold beauty in repetition," Concrete International, Nov. 1985, p. 42.
Page 239. George Bartholomew
Olson, L. "Pavement pioneer George Bartholomew," Concrete International, May 1997, pp. 50-51.
Page 240. Kantor's Chair: No published articles found.
Page 241. Assler Sculpture
"Federico Assler: Concrete sculptures—an artist's medium," Concrete, Feb. 1991, pp. 28-29.
Page 241 Orangutan
1. "What's new in Lou Rankin's sculpture art," Concrete Construction, Dec. 1984, pp. 1093-1096.
2. "Lou Rankin, concrete sculpture artist," Concrete Construction, Jan. 1978, pp. 31-32.
3. "Concrete in the hands of an artist," Concrete Construction, Aug. 1973, p. 375.
Page 241
Stupa: No published articles found.
Pages 242-245.
Many books and articles describe decorative concrete materials and methods. Some are listed here:
1. Kosmatka, S., and Collins, T. Finishing Concrete with Color and Texture, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, 2004, 72 pp.
2. Malisch, W. "Decorative explosion," Concrete Construction, Mar. 2000.
3. Nasvik, J. "Engraving concrete," Concrete Construction, Oct. 2000.
4. Nasvik, J. "Sandblasting stenciled patterns in concrete," Concrete Construction, Mar. 2001.
5. Nasvik, J. "Stampable overlays," Concrete Construction, Mar. 2003.
6. Nasvik, J. "Diamond sawcut patterning," Concrete Construction, July 2003.
7. Nasvik, J. "Pioneering efforts in decorative concrete flatwork," Concrete International, June 2004, pp. 55-59.
8. Nehdi, M., and Bernal, A., "Paradigms in concrete design and aesthetics," Concrete International, June 2004, pp. 60-64.
9. Palmer, W. D. "Stamped concrete is the real thing," Concrete International, Nov. 1985, pp. 33-38.
10. Thome, S., and Rizzo, C. "Upgrading concrete floors," Concrete International, June 2004, pp. 88-92.
11. Harris, B. "Decorative concreting—where it's been...and going," Concrete International, June 2004, pp. 52-54.
Pages 246-249.
Harris, B. Bob Harris' Guide to Stained Concrete Interior Floors, ConcreteNetwork.com, 2004, 100 p. (Order at ACI Bookstore)
Other articles on staining:
1. Nasvik, J. "Techniques for chemically staining concrete," Concrete Construction, Jan. 2004.
2. Nasvik, J. "The Art of acid-etch staining," Concrete Construction, July, 2000.
3. Mowris, S. "Coloring concrete with stains and sealers," Concrete Construction, Nov. 1995.
Page 250. Pavers
Patios, Driveways and Plazas, Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute.
Page 251. Owl Panel
Scott, D. "Drive-by galleries: concrete walls as art," Concrete International, June 2003, pp. 72-75.
Page 251. Port Haven Professional Building, Caltrans-Oregon Trail Overpass: No published articles found.
OTHER EXCELLENT SOURCES OF INFORMATION ABOUT CONCRETE STRUCTURES
1. Billington, D. P., The Art of Structural Design—A Swiss Legacy, Distributed by Princeton University Art Musem, 2003, 211 pp.
This book brings together the outstanding work of four Swiss engineers and their teachers who form the most impressive group of structural artists in the twentieth century:
- Wilhelm Ritter (1847-1906)
- Robert Maillart (1872-1940)
- Othmar Ammann (1879-1965)
- Pierre Lardy (1902-1956)
- Heinz Isler (b. 1926)
- Christian Menn (b. 1927)
Generously illustrated, the book includes reproductions of original drawings, archival materials, paintings, three-dimensional models, and newly commissioned photographs in 93 four-color illustrations and 152 duotone illustrations. Order soft-cover edition online from the museum shop at www.princetonartmuseum.org
2. Newlon, H., Jr., ed. A Selection of Historic American Papers on Concrete 1826-1926, SP-52, American Concrete Institute, 1976, 334 pp.
3. Hamilton, S. B. "A Note on the History of Reinforced Concrete in Buildings," Special Report No. 24, National Building Studies, Building Research Station, England, 1956, 30 pp.
4. Concrete Through the Ages, British Cement Association, England, 1999,
36 pp.